Experimental Data of 20 Drivers

Exit Advance Guide Signs play an important role in driving safety on highway tunnels. With the increase of mountain highway in recent 10 years, how to set exit advance guide signs inside the mountain highway tunnels become a new problem in China. The paper highlighted the influence of exit advance guide signs on the driver’s eye movement in the mountainous highway tunnel. Specially, exit advance guide signs in the mountainous highway tunnel were divided into two separate signs: one was location sign, which set on the top of tunnels by Chinese characters with height of 40 cm and width of 20 cm; the other was distance sign, which set 62.6 m away the location sign, with a character height and width of 1.5 m, and a total sign length of 22.5 m. Six schemes of different height, width and spacing were tested, in which the distance sign was on the left or right wall of the tunnel, and the vehicle was on the left lane. A Markov chain was used to analyze the driver’s eye movement characteristics to evaluate the effect of separate guide signs. The results were as follows: when the distance sign was set on the left wall, the scheme with height, width and spacing of 1.5m was the best choice. When the distance sign was set on the right wall, the scheme with height, width and spacing of 2m was the best choice.This study can optimize exit advance guide signs setting in the mountainous highway tunnel, then contributing to reduced traffic accidents and making mountain highway transport more sustainable.

出口引导标志在高速公路隧道驾驶安全中扮演着至关重要的角色。随着近年来山区高速公路的增多，如何在山区高速公路隧道内设置出口引导标志成为我国面临的新问题。论文着重探讨了出口引导标志对驾驶员在山区高速公路隧道中视线移动的影响。具体而言，山区高速公路隧道的出口引导标志被划分为两类独立标志：一类为位置标志，采用40厘米高、20厘米宽的汉字标识设置在隧道顶部；另一类为距离标志，距离位置标志62.6米，字符高度和宽度为1.5米，总标志长度为22.5米。测试了六种不同高度、宽度和间距的方案，其中距离标志设置在隧道左侧或右侧墙壁，车辆位于左侧车道。采用马尔可夫链分析方法研究驾驶员视线移动特征，以评估独立引导标志的效果。研究结果显示：当距离标志设置在左侧墙壁时，高度、宽度和间距均为1.5米的方案为最佳选择；当距离标志设置在右侧墙壁时，高度、宽度和间距均为2米的方案为最佳选择。本研究有助于优化山区高速公路隧道出口引导标志的设置，从而有助于降低交通事故发生率，使山区高速公路运输更加可持续。