Data for: Opaline phytoliths in Miscanthus sinensis and its cyclone ash from a biomass-combustion facility

Figure A1: Fluorescence (excitation at 405 nm) observations of phytoliths in re-burned cyclone ash from Miscanthus sinensis combustion using a Zeiss LSM 510 confocal microscope. (a) Images of the variation of the fluorescence from a single phytolith (phytolith 1, see (b,c)) at various emission wavelengths. (b) Fluorescence intensity as a function of emission wavelength for the four different phytoliths, shown in (c) at a fluorescence wavelength of 495 nm. Figure A2: EDX element distribution maps of three phytoliths in a dry extract of Miscanthus sinensis. The C signal around the three phytoliths results from the carbon substrate used to mount the sample for the ESEM investigations; it is not caused by organic material from the plant. Figure A3: EDX element distribution maps of phytoliths in a sample of re-burned cyclone ash from the combustion of Miscanthus sinensis straw. The Ca map clearly shows the calcite aggregates that surround the phytoliths. The K+Cl map (a superposition of individually generated distribution maps of K and Cl) reveals the occurrence of small sylvite crystals within the calcite aggregates. Figure A4: X-ray diffraction pattern of the re-burned cyclone ash. Qtz = quartz; Cc = calcite; Syl = sylvite; Per = periclase. Observed spectrum (red line), fitted spectrum (blue solid line), difference plot (red spectrum in lower part of image) and Bragg peak positions (tick marks above difference plot) are shown. The weighted R-factor, Rwp, was calculated using the observed and calculated intensities in the powder diffraction patterns. Table A1: The ash content (in wt%) of Miscanthus sinensis straw, determined by the dry-ashing technique Table A2: Phytolith content (in wt%) of Miscanthus ash, as determined by dry extraction. Table A3: Phytolith dimensions as determined in ESEM images of Miscanthus dry extracts (in µm) Table A4: ESEM-EDXS spot analyses data summary.图A1：使用蔡司LSM 510共聚焦显微镜（Zeiss LSM 510 confocal microscope）对芒草（Miscanthus sinensis）燃烧后再灼烧的旋风灰中的植硅体开展的荧光（激发波长为405 nm）观测结果。(a) 单个植硅体（植硅体1，参见(b,c)）在不同发射波长下的荧光变化图像。(b) 四种不同植硅体的荧光强度随发射波长的变化关系，对应(c)中495 nm荧光波长下的观测结果。 图A2：芒草干提取物中三种植硅体的能量色散X射线（Energy Dispersive X-ray, EDX）元素分布图谱。三种植硅体周边的碳信号源自环境扫描电子显微镜（Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope, ESEM）制样时所使用的碳基底，并非来自植物的有机物质。 图A3：芒草秸秆燃烧后再灼烧的旋风灰样品中植硅体的EDX元素分布图谱。钙（Ca）图谱清晰显示了环绕植硅体的方解石（calcite）团聚体。钾-氯（K+Cl）图谱（由钾与氯各自生成的分布图谱叠加得到）揭示了方解石团聚体内部存在细小的钾盐（sylvite）晶体。 图A4：再灼烧旋风灰的X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction, XRD）图谱。标注：Qtz=石英（quartz），Cc=方解石（calcite），Syl=钾盐（sylvite），Per=方镁石（periclase）。图中展示了实测谱线（红色实线）、拟合谱线（蓝色实线）、差值图谱（图像下方的红色谱线）以及布拉格峰（Bragg peak）位置（差值图谱上方的刻度标记）。权重R因子（weighted R-factor, Rwp）通过粉末衍射图谱中的实测强度与计算强度计算得到。 表A1：采用干灰化法测定的芒草秸秆灰分含量（质量百分比，wt%） 表A2：采用干提取法测定的芒草灰分中植硅体含量（质量百分比，wt%） 表A3：通过芒草干提取物的ESEM图像测得的植硅体尺寸（单位：微米，µm） 表A4：环境扫描电子显微镜-能量色散X射线能谱（Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, ESEM-EDXS）定点分析数据汇总。