Dataset on Physicochemical Characterization, Gas Monitoring, and Kinetic Modelling of Carbon Mineralization in Soil Amended with Biochar, Vinasse, and Organic Additives (2024–2025)

This dataset contains raw and processed laboratory data from a soil carbon mineralization respirometry experiment combined with post-incubation physicochemical characterization. Three experimental groups are reported: (1) Biochar amendments at two doses (5 and 10 t ha⁻¹) in native and thermolyzed form; (2) Vinasse amendments at two doses (50 and 100 m³ ha⁻¹) in native and thermolyzed form; (3) Organic additives (compost and fermented organic matter). Data include: cumulative CO₂-C emissions measured by NDIR headspace analysis (Biogas 5000, GeoTech, UK) across 744 h (biochar/vinasse) and 792 h (additives) incubation periods; post-incubation soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), moisture, and thermogravimetric variables (labile and recalcitrant organic matter, carbonate-related mass loss, final residue, T₅₀, STSI); and kinetic parameters fitted to a double-exponential mineralization model C-CO₂(t) = Cs·(1−e^(−ks·t)) + Cl·(1−e^(−kl·t)), reported both as raw per-replicate fits and as constrained fits (kl > ks) on treatment means. The experiment evaluated 13 treatments with a minimum of 3 replicates each, applied to agricultural soil from an agave-cultivated Luvisol in Amatitán, Jalisco, México. Treatments include: SC-1, SC-2, SC-3 (controls); BC-5, BC-10 (biochar at 5 and 10 t ha⁻¹); BT-5, BT-10 (thermolyzed biochar); V-50, V-100 (vinasse at 50 and 100 m³ ha⁻¹); VT-50, VT-100 (thermolyzed vinasse); COM (compost); FER (fermented organic matter). File structure: - Sheet 1 — Accumulative CO₂_Gases: Raw headspace CO₂ data and derived cumulative emissions from biochar and vinasse microcosm incubations (14 time points, 0–744 h).- Sheet 2 — Accumulative CO₂_Gases_Adittive: Same structure for organic additive treatments (14 time points, 0–792 h).- Sheet 3 — Raw_Replicate_Fits: Unconstrained per-replicate kinetic parameters (Cs, ks, Cl, kl, R², CV%). WARNING: kl < ks in all replicates (biologically inverted pools). Provided for transparency only.- Sheet 4 — Adjusted_Mean_Fits: Constrained kinetic parameters fitted to treatment means with biological constraint kl > ks enforced via log-ratio reparametrization. All R² > 0.995. CV(RMSE)%: 1.86–3.14%.- Sheet 5 — Final physicochemical analyses: Post-incubation soil pH, EC, moisture, and TGA-derived variables (13 treatments × 3 replicates). A detailed variable dictionary, data conventions, methodological notes, and replicate exclusion criteria are documented in the README sheet within the Excel file.