In this study, we sequenced the whole genome sequences of 55 clinical A. xylosoxidans isolates longitudinally collected from the sputum of 6 patients with cystic fibrosis.

A total of six patients with CF, chronically infected by A. xylosoxidans, were identified between 2011 and 2019 at the CF center in Lund, Sweden. We sequenced the genomes of 55 isolates collected longitudinally from these patients (median 9 isolates per patient, range 3–17). The sequenced isolates were collected over a median period of 5.0 years (range 2.3–7.2). The patients' median age was 19.9 years at first isolation of A. xylosoxidans (range 12.1–36.2). For all but one patient, the first isolate included in the study was collected within six months from the initial detection of A. xylosoxidans in the sputum. For CF1, no isolate was available within the initial 6.4 years of colonization. Colonization by A. xylosoxidans continued for all but two patients (CF4 and CF5) throughout the study period. CF4 cleared A. xylosoxidans after 2.3 years, while A. xylosoxidans colonization ended in CF5 after a double lung transplant surgery in September 2018.