Symmetry of Spine Classification with Respect to Orientation.

Type composition of mostly horizontal and mostly vertical orientations for the automated and manual classification methods. Each column shows the percentage of spines classified as mushroom, stubby and thin for a given orientation, and method. The type compositions vary substantially with orientation: percentages of mushroom and thin spines are reduced, while percentages of stubby spines are increased, in the mostly vertical, relative to the mostly horizontal orientations. The type compositions do not vary substantially with classification method: manual and automated methods have similar type compositions within the mostly horizontal and mostly vertical orientations.