In situ high spectral resolution inherent and apparent optical property data from diverse aquatic environments

Light emerging from natural water bodies and measured by remote sensing radiometers contains information about the local type and concentrations of phytoplankton, non-algal particles and colored dissolved organic matter in the underlying waters. An increase in spectral resolution in forthcoming satellite and airborne remote sensing missions is expected to lead to new or improved capabilities to characterize aquatic ecosystems. Such upcoming missions include NASA's Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) Mission; the NASA Surface Biology and Geology observable mission; and NASA Airborne Visible / Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) - Next Generation airborne missions. In anticipation of these missions, we present an organized dataset of geographically diverse, quality-controlled, high spectral resolution inherent and apparent optical property (IOP/AOP) aquatic data. The data are intended to be of use to increase our understanding of aquatic optical properties, to develop aquatic remote sensing data product algorithms, and to perform calibration and validation activities for forthcoming aquatic-focused imaging spectrometry missions. The dataset is comprised of contributions from several investigators and investigating teams collected over a range of geographic areas and water types, including inland waters, estuaries and oceans. Specific in situ measurements include coefficients describing particulate absorption, particulate attenuation, non-algal particulate absorption, colored dissolved organic matter absorption, phytoplankton absorption, total absorption, total attenuation, particulate backscattering, and total backscattering, as well as remote sensing reflectance, and irradiance reflectance.由遥感辐射计（remote sensing radiometer）测得的自然水体出射光，携带着下层水体中浮游植物（phytoplankton）、非藻类颗粒物（non-algal particles）以及有色溶解有机物（colored dissolved organic matter）的本地类群与浓度信息。即将实施的卫星与机载遥感任务若提升光谱分辨率，有望为水生生态系统的表征带来全新或优化的技术能力。此类即将开展的任务包括美国国家航空航天局（National Aeronautics and Space Administration，缩写NASA）的浮游植物、气溶胶、云与海洋生态系统（Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem，缩写PACE）任务、NASA地表生物与地质学可观测任务，以及NASA机载可见光/红外成像光谱仪（AVIRIS）下一代机载任务。为配合此类任务的开展，我们构建了一套经质量管控、覆盖多样地理区域的高光谱分辨率水生固有光学特性与表观光学特性（IOP/AOP）数据集。本数据集旨在助力深化对水生光学特性的认知、开发水生遥感数据产品算法，并为即将开展的以水生成像光谱为核心的遥感任务提供校准与验证支撑。本数据集整合了来自多位研究者与研究团队的实测数据，采集范围覆盖多样地理区域与水体类型，涵盖内陆水体、河口与海洋。具体的原位（in situ）实测数据包括：颗粒物吸收系数、颗粒物衰减系数、非藻类颗粒物吸收系数、有色溶解有机物吸收系数、浮游植物吸收系数、总吸收系数、总衰减系数、颗粒物后向散射系数、总后向散射系数，以及遥感反射率与辐照度反射率。