KK1-0297 - Nang Bya masu sharin ai lam (Nang Bya taught people how to lie) with English translation and notes

Translation (Seng Pan) This story is about teaching how to lie. There was a man named Nangbya (this name is given to the person who always lies to others). He was really good at lying. People never knew he lied till they fell into his trap. Therefore, the villagers wanted to know how to lie. And they wanted to learn it from him. So, a man approached him and asked, "Nangbya, teach me how to lie!" "No, I don't know how to lie," Nangbya replied. "The way you lie is brilliant. Teach me!" the man requested again. "I really don't know. But I will teach you. It's because you ask me so many times. But now I am not free. I have many works to do at home. If my wife knows I am teaching you how to lie instead of working, she will surely get angry. So, I will finish the works first," Nangbya said. "Don't worry! I'll help you," the man replied. So, he helped Nangbya with carrying the bamboos. Nangbya promised him to teach the way to lie if they finished the work on that day. However, he didn't teach him even a few days after finishing the work. The man got angry and said, "As you promised me to teach how to lie, I helped you with carrying the bamboos. And you haven't taught me till now." "You asked me to teach how to lie. That's why I already taught you. I asked you to help me with my woks and promised to teach you the next day. That's what I taught you," Nangbya replied. He always lied each person that he needed to build fence, house, etc. In the beginning, people didn't realize he lied. They only knew the truth at last. One day, a man like the previous one, came and asked Nangbya to teach how to lie. He denied at first. As the man approached him constantly, he finally had to agree again. But he said the same like he said to the previous one that he had the works to finish first. Nangbya said, "I still need to catch fish. Only after this work, I can give time to you. And it will take long." "Brother, let's do together! We can finish it quickly," the man said. They made a deal and started preparing to catch fish. Long ago, when Kachins caught fish, they first obstructed the flow of water by placing a long log across a stream. There someone or something needed to hold it not to be askew. Nangbya said, "Man, don't let this log loose. If you make it loose, Madim (it's a conical shape net which is made with bamboo and used for fishing) will move and be broken. Then we won't get fish. I will go and find something to brace it. Meanwhile you need to hold this well," Nangbya instructed and left. With the intention of learning how to lie after the work, the poor man kept waiting for Nangbya to arrive back. However, Nangbya didn't come back to him. In the evening, as he had known Nangbya wouldn't come back, he left what he was doing and went back to the village. He was angry for being lied by Nangbya and left alone. So, as soon as he arrived at the village, he looked for Nangbya. He saw him playing dice without concern. He had got angrier than before and said, "Nangbya, I will kill you. The whole day you let me hold the log and you said you would leave to find Labrang bra (thing to control the log). I was waiting for you whole day. But you didn't come back. Why did you lie me? I was so tired and hungry. Even I felt shaky." Nangbya only replied, "You said you wanted to learn how to lie. Even I didn't want to teach. I taught you as you requested seriously. That's why I taught you." Transcription (Lu Awng) Masu sharin ai maumwi re. Nangbya wa shi grai masu chye ai raitim shi masu ai hpe masha ni masu ai kadai n shadu ai hku rai nga shi manu mana ting ngut ai hpang she aw ndai wa masu sha nga ngu hpe chye ai. Dai majaw mare kaw na masha ni mung a masu mayu wa sai da. E masu mayu wa she sharin la mayu ai ndai kaw masu sharin mayu ai,dai majaw e hkau nangbya e nang hpe ngai ngai hpe masu sharin rit ngu hku rai nga. Nre law ngai gaw masu nchye ai law ngu da oh ra wa nre law nang galoi tsun tsun re ni grai hkrak ai law ngai hpe naw sharin ya rit law e ngai gaw nchye law ngu da. Dai wa e sharin ya lu law dai chyawm ngai chyawm nchye le nang she sharin ya rit nga yang mung sharin ya na le raitim ngai nang hpe masu sharin na matu gaw naw nrau ai ngai nta kaw bungli grai galaw ra ai nye dinggai jan nang hpe masu sharin nga sam ai gaw pawt na ra ai dai majaw ngai bungli naw galaw ra ai nre ngai rau galaw ga lol nga hku nga ngai rau galaw kau ga nga hku nga. Ya ngai kawa hpai ra ngu nang ngai rau hpai la ga ngu shi hpai di ngut di hkra da. Dai ni ngai kawa hpai ngut yang hpawt ni nang hpe sharin ya mai sai ngu da. Tim hpawt ni tim nsharin ya ai da,kade ya tim nsharin ya kade ya tim nsharin ya deng ohra gaw pawt sai hku nga teng nang ngai hpe masu sharin na nga nna ngai nang hpe kawa hpai garum sai le bungli mung yawng shangut garum sa le nang ngai hpe ya mung masu nsharin ya ai i ngu di manu mana nangbya wa hpe ohra wa nhtang pat ai hku nga. Deng she nangbya wa tsun ai da gei nang she ngai hpe masu sharin rit nga di nang hpe ngai masu sharin sai le dai nang hpe ngai hpawt ni bungli garum na nye kawa shawng hpai ga dai nan masu sharin sai re sai le ngu hku nga nang hpe ngai sharin sai le ngu da. Langai hpe mung dai hku langai hpe mung dai hku ya ngai dai naw galaw ra ai hkindu naw gun ra ai oh ra nta naw gap ra ai hku masu ai da. Oh ra ni masu sha ai nasha du ai hpang e she chye ai tim lani mi gaw dingnga langai bai nga sai ngai hpe masu sharin rit lo nga da ngai nchye law nga nre masu sharin rit lo nga da e hkau e ya ngai madim naw galaw ai ya ngai madim galaw ngut yang she nang hpe masu sharin na law ngu na hku nga. Dai majaw ya ngai grai naw na na re madim galaw ai nre ngai rau she galaw ga ngai rau galaw yang ngut na ra ai ngu di mai ai dai hku nga madim galaw ngut yang nang hpe masu sharin na yaw ngu da nangbya wa gaw hka hpungla grai ja ai kaw anhte jinghpaw ni gaw madim nnan galaw yang hpun tawng langai shawng kren di re gaw dai hpe she dai kaw she ndai bai madi ai. Hpuntawng langai hka hpungla grai ja ai kaw ning tek da hkun ai hku nga ndai hkum tat lu yaw tat yang ndai madim nhkyeng mat na madim n hkyeng yang gaw ndai madim an 2 galw ngut tim nga nshang ai daw mat na nre ndai tek u ya ngai ndai kaw madi na labrang bra naw la gaw nang naw tek nga u oi ya ngai dai kaw sha re ngu hku nga tek sai da tek masu sharin na re ngu di tek hkrai tek kade tek tim ndu wa da nambya wa gaw ka-un sai hku nga shi kade tek tim ndu nang gaw ngai hpe dai ni ding tek ba di ngai hpe masu da i ngu di ka-un ai hku nga ka-un di wa re shana de bai nangbya wa hpe tam hkawm sai hku nga shi nangbya wa nra nra hpa hka sha lu shawun taw ai anhte jinghpaw ni shawun ni ning hkreng hkreng di ai baw le kawk kaw le shawun wun di nga dai shawun sha ma taw di nga taw a hku rai nga,sa na pawt di shang wa na hku nga nangbya wa nang hpe gaw ngai sat kau na nang i dai ni tup ngai hpe ba shangun ai nang madim galaw ga nga di ngai hpe gaw madim ngau tek da shangun na nang gaw labrang bra sa la ai lo nga di labrang bra mung ndu wa dai ni tup ngai tek wa ai. Nang ngai hpe kaning re masu ai ta,ngai grai ba sai re ngai kan she kan si she gari dai hka kaw she tek nga ai. Teng nang she ngai hpe masu sharin rit ngai pyi nkam ai nang masu sharin rit nga na nang masu sharin ai majaw she ngai masu sharin ai rai nga ai le ngu dat ai da. Notes: 1. Nang Bya is a popular trickster in Kachin folktales, who are a person or an animal that always lies and teases others. It is known by the names of Nang Bya, Mang Bya, Mawng Byaw, and others depending on dialects and languages. 2. For more stories about Nang Bya, see: KK1-0027 KK1-0028 KK1-0072 KK1-0233 KK1-0234 KK1-0296 KK1-0297 KK1-0326 KK1-0339 KK1-0364 KK1-0475 KK1-0549 KK1-0640 KK1-0709 KK1-0735 KK1-0973 KK1-1209 KK1-1210 KK1-1286 KK1-1379 KK1-1462 KK1-1711 KK1-1785 KK1-1786 KK1-1788 KK1-1789 KK1-1790 KK1-1791 KK1-1792 KK1-1793 KK1-1794 KK1-1795 KK1-1798 KK1-1855 3. See Kurabe (2018) for a story of Mang Bya. References Kurabe, Keita. 2018. A Jinghpaw folktale text: A liar Mang Bya. Journal of Kijutsuken 10: 69-80.. Language as given: Jinghpaw

### 翻译（译者：Seng Pan）
本故事旨在传授说谎的技艺。从前有一名名为南比亚（Nangbya，此名用于指代惯于欺骗他人者）的男子，其说谎手段出神入化，众人往往在落入其圈套后，方才察觉自己被蒙骗。为此，村民们都渴望掌握说谎之法，纷纷向他求教。

一日，一名男子登门问道："南比亚，教我如何说谎吧！"
"不行，我根本不懂如何说谎。"南比亚答道。
"你的说谎技艺堪称精妙，务必教我！"男子再次恳求。
"我确实不懂，但既然你再三央求，我便教你吧。只是眼下我无暇分身，家中尚有诸多事务待办。倘若我妻子知晓我未去劳作，反倒教你说谎，定然会大发雷霆。待我先将家务做完再说。"南比亚说道。
"不必担心！我来帮你。"男子应道。随后，他协助南比亚搬运竹子。南比亚承诺，若当日完成劳作，便传授他说谎之法。

然而，数日过去，南比亚依旧未履行承诺。男子心生不满，质问道："你曾答应教我说谎，我才帮你搬运竹子。可时至今日，你仍未教我。"
"你要求我教你说谎，如今我已然教会你了。我让你帮我处理家务，并承诺次日教你，这便是我教你的内容。"南比亚答道。

他向来如此，每每向他人谎称自己需要修建围栏、房屋等事务。起初，众人并未察觉他在说谎，直至最终才明白真相。

一日，又有一名男子如先前之人一般，前来请求南比亚传授说谎之法。南比亚起初予以拒绝，奈何对方不断恳求，最终只得再次应允。但他依旧如对待前一位男子那般，声称需先完成手头事务。
南比亚说道："我还需去捕鱼，待做完此事，方能腾出时间教你，此事尚需耗时良久。"
"兄长，我们一同动手吧！这样能很快做完。"男子说道。二人达成约定，开始准备捕鱼事宜。

很久以前，景颇族（Jinghpaw）人捕鱼时，会先用长木横置于溪流之中，阻断水流。此时需要有人或物固定木杆，防止其歪斜。南比亚说道："兄弟，切莫让这根木杆松动。若木杆移位，玛迪姆（Madim，一种以竹子制成的锥形捕鱼网）便会随之移动受损，我们便捕不到鱼了。我去寻些东西来固定它，你在此处务必守好木杆。"说罢，南比亚便离开了。

这名一心想要学会说谎的男子，只得留在原地等候南比亚归来。然而，南比亚却始终未归。时至傍晚，他深知南比亚不会回来了，便抛下手中的活计返回村寨。他因被南比亚欺骗而怒不可遏。

刚一回到村寨，他便四处寻找南比亚，最终看到他正若无其事地玩骰子。男子愈发愤怒，说道："南比亚，我要杀了你！我整日值守木杆，你却说要去找固定木杆的拉邦布拉（Labrang bra，用于固定木杆的物件），我等了你一整天，又累又饿，浑身都快散架了。你为何要骗我？"
南比亚只答道："你说过想要学习说谎，我本不愿教你，只因你一再恳求，才认真教了你。这便是我教你的内容。"

### 转写（记录者：Lu Awng）
（景颇语原文转写中文译写：玛苏沙林艾玛姆维莱。南比亚瓦希格拉伊玛苏切艾莱蒂姆希玛苏艾赫马沙尼玛苏艾卡代恩沙杜艾赫库莱艾恩加希马努玛纳廷恩特艾赫庞谢翁代瓦玛苏沙恩加恩古赫切艾。戴马乔马雷考纳马沙尼芒阿玛苏马尤瓦赛达。埃玛苏马尤瓦谢沙林拉马尤艾恩代考玛苏沙林马尤艾，戴马乔埃赫考南比亚埃南赫佩恩吉恩吉赫佩玛苏沙林里特恩古赫库莱艾恩加。内劳恩伊高玛苏恩切艾劳恩古达哦拉瓦内劳南加洛伊松松雷尼格拉伊赫克拉艾劳恩伊高瑙沙林亚里特劳埃恩伊高恩切劳恩古达。戴瓦埃沙林亚卢劳戴乔姆恩伊乔姆恩切莱南谢沙林亚里特恩加扬芒沙林亚纳莱莱蒂姆恩吉南赫佩玛苏沙林纳马图高瑙劳艾恩伊塔考邦利格拉伊加拉瓦艾涅丁盖詹南赫佩玛苏沙林恩加萨姆艾高保特奈拉艾戴马乔恩伊邦利瑙加拉瓦艾内劳恩伊劳加拉加洛恩古赫库恩伊劳加拉考加恩古赫库恩加。亚恩伊卡瓦帕伊拉恩古南恩伊劳帕伊拉加恩古希帕伊迪恩特迪赫克拉达。戴尼恩伊卡瓦帕伊恩特扬保特尼南赫佩沙林亚迈赛恩古达。蒂姆保特尼蒂姆恩沙林亚艾达，卡德亚蒂姆恩沙林亚卡德亚蒂姆恩沙林亚登奥赫拉高保特赛恩古赫库恩吉南赫佩玛苏沙林纳恩纳恩伊南赫佩恩吉卡瓦帕伊加鲁姆赛莱邦利芒扬恩特加鲁姆萨莱南恩伊赫佩芒玛苏恩沙林亚艾伊恩古迪马努玛纳南比亚瓦赫佩奥赫拉瓦恩坦帕特艾赫库恩加。登谢南比亚瓦松艾达盖伊南谢恩伊赫佩玛苏沙林里特恩加迪南赫佩恩吉玛苏沙林赛莱戴南赫佩恩吉保特尼邦利加鲁姆奈涅卡瓦绍恩帕伊加戴南玛苏沙林赛莱赛莱恩古赫库恩加南赫佩恩吉沙林赛莱恩古达。朗吉赫佩芒戴赫库朗吉赫佩芒戴赫亚恩伊戴瑙加拉瓦艾欣杜瑙贡拉艾奥拉恩塔瑙加普拉艾赫库玛苏艾达。奥拉尼玛苏沙艾纳沙杜艾赫庞埃谢切艾蒂姆拉尼米高丁加拉朗吉巴伊恩加赛恩伊赫佩玛苏沙林里特洛恩加达恩伊恩切劳恩加内劳玛苏沙林里特洛恩加达埃赫考埃亚恩伊马迪姆瑙加拉瓦艾亚恩伊马迪姆加拉瓦恩特扬谢南赫佩玛苏沙林纳劳恩古赫库恩加。戴马乔亚恩伊格拉伊瑙纳纳雷马迪姆加拉瓦艾内劳恩伊劳谢加拉加恩伊劳加拉扬恩特奈拉艾恩古迪迈艾戴赫库恩加马迪姆加拉瓦恩特扬南赫佩玛苏沙林纳亚恩古达南比亚瓦高卡亨格拉贾艾考安特京帕沃尼高马迪姆南南加拉瓦扬彭通朗吉绍恩克伦迪雷戴赫佩谢戴考谢恩代巴伊马迪艾。彭通朗吉卡亨格拉贾艾考宁特达赫孔艾赫库恩代库姆塔特卢亚塔特扬恩代马迪姆恩基恩马特纳马迪姆恩赫基扬高戴恩代马迪姆安2加拉瓦恩特蒂姆恩尚艾道马特纳恩代特克乌亚恩伊戴考马迪纳拉邦布拉瑙拉高南瑙特克恩加乌奥亚恩伊戴考沙雷恩古赫库恩加特克赛达特克玛苏沙林纳雷恩古迪特克赫克莱特卡德特克蒂姆恩杜瓦达南比亚瓦高卡-恩赛恩古迪希卡德特克蒂姆恩杜南赫佩恩伊戴尼丁特克巴迪恩伊赫佩玛苏达伊恩古迪卡-恩艾赫库恩加卡-恩迪瓦雷沙纳德巴伊南比亚瓦赫佩塔姆赫考姆赛恩古迪希南比亚瓦恩拉恩拉帕卡沙卢绍恩通塔艾安特京帕沃尼绍恩尼宁赫伦赫伦迪艾鲍莱考考莱绍恩温迪恩加戴绍恩沙马陶迪恩加陶阿赫库莱艾，萨纳保特迪尚瓦纳赫库恩加南比亚瓦南赫佩高恩伊萨考考纳南伊戴尼图普恩伊赫佩巴尚贡艾南马迪姆加拉瓦恩加迪恩伊赫佩高马迪姆瑙特克达尚贡纳南高拉邦布拉萨拉艾洛恩加迪拉邦布拉芒恩杜瓦戴尼图普恩伊特克瓦艾。南恩伊赫佩卡宁雷玛苏艾塔，恩伊格拉伊巴赛雷恩伊卡恩谢卡恩西谢加里戴赫卡考谢特克恩加艾。滕南谢恩伊赫佩玛苏沙林里特恩吉皮尼卡姆艾南玛苏沙林里特恩加纳南玛苏沙林艾马乔谢恩伊玛苏沙林艾莱恩加艾莱恩古达特艾。）

### 注释
1. 南比亚（Nang Bya）是景颇族民间故事中广为人知的骗子形象，指惯于说谎、捉弄他人的人或动物，根据方言与语言的不同，也被称为曼比亚（Mang Bya）、芒巴约（Mawng Byaw）等。
2. 更多关于南比亚的故事，请参阅以下篇目：KK1-0027、KK1-0028、KK1-0072、KK1-0233、KK1-0234、KK1-0296、KK1-0297、KK1-0326、KK1-0339、KK1-0364、KK1-0475、KK1-0549、KK1-0640、KK1-0709、KK1-0735、KK1-0973、KK1-1209、KK1-1210、KK1-1286、KK1-1379、KK1-1462、KK1-1711、KK1-1785、KK1-1786、KK1-1788、KK1-1789、KK1-1790、KK1-1791、KK1-1792、KK1-1793、KK1-1794、KK1-1795、KK1-1798、KK1-1855
3. 如需了解曼比亚（Mang Bya）的故事，请参阅Kurabe（2018）的相关研究。

### 参考文献
Kurabe, Keita. 2018. 《景颇族民间故事文本：骗子曼比亚》. 《Kijutsuken期刊》10: 69-80.