We developed a bacterial genetic system based on translation of the his operon leader peptide gene to determine the relative speed at which the ribosome reads single or multiple codons in vivo. Low fr
Abbreviations are the same as in Table 1. The last two overlaps have entered their genome by horizontal transfer (see text). rsA is the Spearman rank correlation coefficient rs between the codon usage
Phylogenomic analyses of ancient relationships are usually performed using amino acid data, but it is unclear whether amino acids or nucleotides should be preferred. With the 2-fold aim of addressing
Additional file 10: Table S10. Codon usage preference of all protein coding genes for eleven Avena plastomes calculated by http://www.bioinformatics.org/sms2/codon_usage . a Codon numbers of 20 amino
