Data from: Genotype-by-genotype specificity remains robust to average temperature variation in an aphid/endosymbiont/parasitoid system

Genotype-by-genotype interactions demonstrate the existence of variation upon which selection acts in host-parasite systems at respective resistance and infection loci. These interactions can potentially be modified by environmental factors, which would entail that different genotypes are selected under different environmental conditions. In the current study, we checked for a G x G x E interaction in the context of average temperature and the genotypes of asexual lines of the endoparasitoid wasp Lysiphlebus fabarum and isolates of Hamiltonella defensa, a protective secondary endosymbiont of the wasp's host, the black bean aphid Aphis fabae. We exposed genetically identical aphids harbouring different isolates of H. defensa to three asexual lines of the parasitoid and measured parasitism success under three different temperatures (15°C, 22°C and 29°C). While there was clear evidence for increased susceptibility to parasitoids at the highest average temperature and a strong G x G interaction between the host's symbionts and the parasitoids, no modifying effect of temperature, that is no significant G x G x E interaction, was detected. This robustness of the observed specificity suggests that the relative fitness of different parasitoid genotypes on hosts protected by particular symbionts remains uncomplicated by spatial or temporal variation in temperature, which should facilitate biological control strategies.基因型-基因型互作（Genotype-by-genotype interactions）表明，在宿主-寄生虫系统的抗性位点与感染位点中，存在选择作用所依赖的遗传变异。此类互作可被环境因子调控，即不同基因型会在不同环境条件下受到选择。本研究以平均温度、内寄生蜂菜蚜茧蜂（Lysiphlebus fabarum）的无性系，以及其宿主蚕豆蚜（Aphis fabae）的保护性次级内共生菌汉密尔顿防御菌（Hamiltonella defensa）的分离株为研究对象，探究了基因型-基因型-环境（G×G×E）互作效应。我们将携带不同H. defensa分离株的遗传同质蚜虫，暴露于3株该寄生蜂的无性系中，并在15℃、22℃与29℃三个温度梯度下测定其寄生成功率。结果显示，最高平均温度下蚜虫对寄生蜂的易感性显著升高，且宿主共生菌与寄生蜂间存在显著的G×G互作，但未检测到温度的调控效应，即未发现显著的G×G×E互作。所观测到的特异性具有较高稳定性，表明携带特定共生菌的宿主上，不同寄生蜂基因型的相对适合度不受温度时空变化的显著影响，这一结果将有助于推动相关生物防治策略的实施。