Figure source data for storm-time Ca⁺ uplift over Mohe on 1 January 2025 (lidar, DCOI, ionosonde, WACCM-X, OMNI)

This Zenodo record provides the source data used to generate the eight figures in the accompanying study of storm-time thermosphere–ionosphere Ca⁺ dynamics over Mohe, China (122.3°E, 53.5°N), during the severe geomagnetic storm on 1 January 2025. The dataset is designed to support figure-level reproducibility and facilitate independent replotting and comparison. The figure source data integrate multiple measurements and model products, including: (i) ground-based resonance fluorescence lidar observations of altitude-resolved Ca⁺ number density and derived layer parameters (e.g., centroid/peak altitude, peak density, and vertical evolution); (ii) colocated thermospheric neutral winds from Dual-Channel Optical Interferometer (DCOI) observations; (iii) ionosonde parameters characterizing E- and F-region variability (e.g., sporadic E and F2-layer metrics); (iv) regional WACCM-X outputs over the Mohe sector (e.g., electric field magnitude |E|, TEC, thermospheric temperature, and neutral winds); and (v) curated solar-wind and geomagnetic indices (e.g., IMF Bz, Dst, AE, Kp, |B|) based on OMNI products. All files are organized by figure number (Figure 1–Figure 8) and contain the processed time series and/or altitude profiles used in the final plots. This record provides processed figure-source data rather than raw instrument measurements. These data are intended for studies of storm-time metallic ion transport, ion–neutral coupling, and model–data evaluation under disturbed geomagnetic conditions. Version v1.1 adds the column-density source data used in Figure 2 and updates the source data used in Figure 7. The files in this version correspond to the revised manuscript submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics.