Soil functions (potential enzyme activity and nitrogen cycling rates) from manipulative experiment adding fertilizer and supplemental late-spring precipitation to a 50-ha northern California grassland underlain by a mosaic of serpentine and non-serpentine soils (November 2012-May 2013)
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Experiment added fertilizer and supplemental late-spring precipitation to a 50-ha northern California grassland underlain by a mosaic of serpentine and non-serpentine soils. Measurements of soil functions were taken after three years of consistent treatment application. Contents are as follows: "plot.name": unique name for each of the 132 plots in the experiment "irrigation.line": code indicating which irrigation line carried the supplemental precipitation to the plot "soil.type": whether the plot was on harsh serpentine (Harshserp), lush serpentine (Lushserp), or non-serpentine (Nonserp) soil "treatment": C = control (no fertilizer or water added), F = fertilized (fertilizer added but no water added), W = watered (water added but no fertilizer added), FW = fertilized + watered (both fertilizer and water added) "watering": whether the plot was watered or unwatered "fertilization": whether the plot was fertilized or unfertilized "tpc.native": total proteolytic capacity with native substrate (no substrate added to soil) [mg N-AA / kg dry soil / day]; measured early May 2013 "tpc.saturated": total proteolytic capacity with saturated substrate (saturating amount of casein added to soil) [mg N-AA / kg dry soil / day]; measured early May 2013 "BG": potential activity of beta-1,4-glucosidase [mmol substrate cleaved / kg dry soil / hour]; measured early May 2013 "NAG": potential activity of beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase [mmol substrate cleaved / kg dry soil / hour]; measured early May 2013 "AP": potential activity of acid phosphatase [mmol substrate cleaved / kg dry soil / hour]; measured early May 2013 "PPO": potential activity of polyphenol oxidase [mmol substrate cleaved / kg dry soil / hour]; measured early May 2013 "PER": potential activity of peroxidase [mmol substrate cleaved / kg dry soil / hour]; measured early May 2013 "fall.net.mineralization.rate": rate of net nitrogen mineralization during 7-day laboratory incubation at field moisture content [mg NH4-N + NO3-N / kg dry soil / day]; measured on soil samples collected early November 2012 "fall.net.nitrification.rate": rate of net nitrification during 7-day laboratory incubation at field moisture content [mg NO3-N / kg dry soil / day]; measured on soil samples collected early November 2012 "winter.net.mineralization.rate": rate of net nitrogen mineralization during 7-day laboratory incubation at field moisture content [mg NH4-N + NO3-N / kg dry soil / day]; measured on soil samples collected early February 2013 "winter.net.nitrification.rate": rate of net nitrification during 7-day laboratory incubation at field moisture content [mg NO3-N / kg dry soil / day]; measured on soil samples collected early February 2013 "earlyspring.net.mineralization.rate": rate of net nitrogen mineralization during 7-day laboratory incubation at field moisture content [mg NH4-N + NO3-N / kg dry soil / day]; measured on soil samples collected mid-March 2013 "earlyspring.net.nitrification.rate": rate of net nitrification during 7-day laboratory incubation at field moisture content [mg NO3-N / kg dry soil / day]; measured on soil samples collected mid-March 2013 "latespring.net.mineralization.rate": rate of net nitrogen mineralization during 7-day laboratory incubation at field moisture content [mg NH4-N + NO3-N / kg dry soil / day]; measured on soil samples collected late May 2013 "latespring.net.nitrification.rate": rate of net nitrification during 7-day laboratory incubation at field moisture content [mg NO3-N / kg dry soil / day]; measured on soil samples collected late May 2013
本实验以加利福尼亚北部一片50公顷的草原为研究对象，该区域土壤呈蛇纹岩与非蛇纹岩镶嵌分布的格局。实验设置了施肥与春末补充降水两种处理，连续施加三年后，对土壤功能相关指标开展测定。数据集具体内容如下： 1. "plot.name"（样方名称）：实验中132个样方的唯一标识名称 2. "irrigation.line"（灌溉管线代码）：指示为该样方输送补充降水的灌溉管线编号 3. "soil.type"（土壤类型）：样方所在土壤类型，分为严苛型蛇纹岩土壤（Harshserp）、丰沃型蛇纹岩土壤（Lushserp）与非蛇纹岩土壤（Nonserp）三类 4. "treatment"（处理组）：C为对照组（不施加肥料与补充水分），F为施肥组（仅施加肥料，不补充水分），W为补水组（仅补充水分，不施加肥料），FW为水肥共施组（同时施加肥料与补充水分） 5. "watering"（补水状态）：标记样方是否接受补水处理 6. "fertilization"（施肥状态）：标记样方是否接受施肥处理 7. "tpc.native"（天然底物总蛋白水解能力）：以天然底物为底物的总蛋白水解能力（未向土壤额外添加底物），单位为[mg N-AA / kg干土 / 天]，于2013年5月初测定 8. "tpc.saturated"（饱和底物总蛋白水解能力）：以饱和浓度酪蛋白为底物的总蛋白水解能力，单位为[mg N-AA / kg干土 / 天]，于2013年5月初测定 9. "BG"（β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶潜在活性）：β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶的潜在活性，单位为[mmol底物裂解 / kg干土 / 小时]，于2013年5月初测定 10. "NAG"（β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶潜在活性）：β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶的潜在活性，单位为[mmol底物裂解 / kg干土 / 小时]，于2013年5月初测定 11. "AP"（酸性磷酸酶潜在活性）：酸性磷酸酶的潜在活性，单位为[mmol底物裂解 / kg干土 / 小时]，于2013年5月初测定 12. "PPO"（多酚氧化酶潜在活性）：多酚氧化酶的潜在活性，单位为[mmol底物裂解 / kg干土 / 小时]，于2013年5月初测定 13. "PER"（过氧化物酶潜在活性）：过氧化物酶的潜在活性，单位为[mmol底物裂解 / kg干土 / 小时]，于2013年5月初测定 14. "fall.net.mineralization.rate"（秋季净氮矿化速率）：土壤样品在田间持水量条件下进行7天实验室培养时的净氮矿化速率，单位为[mg NH4-N + NO3-N / kg干土 / 天]，所用土壤样品于2012年11月初采集 15. "fall.net.nitrification.rate"（秋季净硝化速率）：土壤样品在田间持水量条件下进行7天实验室培养时的净硝化速率，单位为[mg NO3-N / kg干土 / 天]，所用土壤样品于2012年11月初采集 16. "winter.net.mineralization.rate"（冬季净氮矿化速率）：土壤样品在田间持水量条件下进行7天实验室培养时的净氮矿化速率，单位为[mg NH4-N + NO3-N / kg干土 / 天]，所用土壤样品于2013年2月初采集 17. "winter.net.nitrification.rate"（冬季净硝化速率）：土壤样品在田间持水量条件下进行7天实验室培养时的净硝化速率，单位为[mg NO3-N / kg干土 / 天]，所用土壤样品于2013年2月初采集 18. "earlyspring.net.mineralization.rate"（早春净氮矿化速率）：土壤样品在田间持水量条件下进行7天实验室培养时的净氮矿化速率，单位为[mg NH4-N + NO3-N / kg干土 / 天]，所用土壤样品于2013年3月中旬采集 19. "earlyspring.net.nitrification.rate"（早春净硝化速率）：土壤样品在田间持水量条件下进行7天实验室培养时的净硝化速率，单位为[mg NO3-N / kg干土 / 天]，所用土壤样品于2013年3月中旬采集 20. "latespring.net.mineralization.rate"（晚春净氮矿化速率）：土壤样品在田间持水量条件下进行7天实验室培养时的净氮矿化速率，单位为[mg NH4-N + NO3-N / kg干土 / 天]，所用土壤样品于2013年5月末采集 21. "latespring.net.nitrification.rate"（晚春净硝化速率）：土壤样品在田间持水量条件下进行7天实验室培养时的净硝化速率，单位为[mg NO3-N / kg干土 / 天]，所用土壤样品于2013年5月末采集
