RD Galaxy Dynamics Phase-Transition Dataset (SPARC + ATLAS³D)

This dataset provides the complete empirical foundation for a unified, empirically defined dynamical timescale, tau, constructed from kinematic scale competition between a dynamical coherence length (xi_GL) and a baryonic confinement scale (r_core). The dataset includes 165 rotation-supported galaxies from the SPARC database and 50 pressure-supported early-type galaxies from the ATLAS3D survey, with structural parameters extracted from TDGL-inspired fits to galaxy rotation curves and stellar velocity-dispersion profiles. No morphological information is used in parameter extraction; classifications are applied only in post-hoc analysis. For each galaxy, the dataset provides the derived structural scales (xi_GL, r_core), the signed characteristic timescale tau (in Myr), and associated fit diagnostics, including reduced chi-squared (chi2_red) and the derived inverse confinement scale kappa1 = 1 / r_core. The timescale tau is constructed to change sign at xi_GL = r_core, defining a morphology-independent structural boundary directly testable using kinematic data. The empirical results show a strong bimodality in tau across galaxy types. Rotation-supported systems overwhelmingly occupy the tau > 0 regime, while pressure-supported systems predominantly occupy tau < 0, with lenticular (S0) galaxies clustering near tau approximately equal to zero. Statistical tests confirm that the tau distributions of rotation-supported and pressure-supported systems are inconsistent with being drawn from the same parent population. The timescale tau correlates with long-term baryonic evolution indicators, such as gas fraction and stellar population age, while remaining independent of instantaneous star-formation rate and environmental metrics after stratification. Files included in this archive: Processed SPARC and ATLAS3D kinematic datasets used in the analysis TDGL-inspired fitting code for rotation curves and Jeans-based dispersion profiles Per-galaxy derived parameter tables for 215 galaxies (Tables A1 and A2) Summary statistics and binned results (Table B1) Publication figures and supporting documentation Scripts and workflows required for full reproducibility of the analysis This dataset enables independent replication, verification, and extension of the empirical results presented in the accompanying manuscript, and provides a reusable framework for analyzing galaxy dynamical structure using kinematic scale competition.