Engineered Bacillus subtilis WB600/ZD alleviates post-weaning diarrhea in piglets through the gut microbiota-mediated AHR/CYP1A1 pathway

In this study, we established a pseudo-germ-free mouse model using a quadruple antibiotic cocktail. We conducted fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with WB600/ZD-treated piglet feces to investigate whether WB600/ZD confers protection against Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (Salmonella Infantis, S. Infantis) infection by modulating gut microbiota and activating the AHR/CYP1A1 pathway. Our hypothesis highlights the potential dual role of WB600/ZD in regulating microbes and enhancing host defense. This study aims to elucidate the health-promoting potential of WB600/ZD in regulating gut microbiota and enhancing host defense mechanisms against enteric pathogens.