Acoustic and morphological dataset of seven anuran populations of two species from highland forests in Northeastern Brazil

Highlands are of paramount importance to the study of evolution as they are frequently implicated in historical and ecological processes that generate and maintain biological diversity. In northeastern Brazil, sparse rainforest remnants are located in highlands north of the São Francisco River, generally surrounded by the dry and open landscape of the Caatinga biome. Earlier studies suggest that these forests acted as historical refuges to the rainforest fauna and flora, especially during the climatic cycles of the Pleistocene. However, it is still unclear whether populations distributed in distinct highlands experienced phenotypic differentiation as a result of adaptation to the environmental conditions of each forest remnant. In this study, we used two frog species with wide geographic distributions, Dendropsophus oliveirai, a habitat specialist which breeds in permanent ponds, and Physalaemus cuvieri, a habitat generalist which breeds in temporary and permanent lentic environments, a..., Study site and population
Seven localities in Borborema Plateau: Parque Nacional do Catimbau (Catimbau; 08°34’20.60” S, 37°14’12.30” W), Fazenda Vale Tabocas (Tabocas; 08°14’47.5” S, 36°22’46.00” W), Refúgio de Vida Silvestre Morros do Craunã e do Padre (Craunã; 09°20’47.90” S, 37°52’60.00” W), Parque Estadual Mata do Pau-Ferro (Pau-Ferro; 06°58’12.53” S, 35°43’04.27” W), Refúgio de Vida Silvestre Matas do Siriji (Matas do Siriji; 07°37’01.79” S, 35°30’27.84” W), Parque Natural Municipal Professor João Vasconcelos Sobrinho (João Vasconcelos; 08°21’8.80” S, 36°01’51.60” W), Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada (Pedra Talhada; 09°15’40.94” S, 36°26’20.22” W). We collected data in the field between 2021 and 2023. These localities are subumid and umid forests (Atlantic Forests remnants) in high altitudes inside a matrix of dry vegetation (Caatinga).
Species
Dendropsophus oliveirai and Physalaemus cuvieri (Currently valid scientific name)
Descriptions
The data could be used in future investiga..., , # Acoustic and morphological dataset of seven anuran populations of two species from highland forests in Northeastern Brazil

[Access this dataset on Dryad](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5x69p8d95)

We have submitted our raw data (**AcousticData.xlsx**) and (**MorphologicalData.xlsx**)

## Overview of Data

The measurements of both species are in the same file but in different spreadsheets.

### Abbreviations:

#### **Acoustic Data**

* *D.oliveirai*: *Dendropsophus oliveirai*
* *P.cuvieri*: *Physalaemus cuvieri*
* *Locality*: localities where the data was collected
* *Individual(Collection/Field)*: vouchers of the collected individuals for the scientific collection and field
* *SLV(mm)*: snout-vent length in mm

#### **Morphological Data**

* *D.oliveirai*: *Dendropsophus oliveirai* (Currently valid scientific name)
* *P.cuvieri*: *Physalaemus cuvieri* (Currently valid scientific name)
* *Locality*: localities where the data was collected
* *Individual(Collection/Fiel...