Fungal fruit body assemblages are tougher in harsh microclimates

Forest species are affected by macroclimate, however, the microclimatic variability can be more extreme and change through climate change. Fungal fruiting community composition was affected by microclimatic differences. Here we ask whether differences in the fruiting community can be explained by morphological traits of the fruit body, which may help endure harsh conditions. We used a dead wood experiment and macrofungal fruit body size, color, and toughness. We exposed logs of two host tree species under closed and experimentally opened forest canopies in a random-block design for four years and identified all visible fruit bodies of two fungal lineages (Basidio- and Ascomycota). We found a consistently higher proportion of tough-fleshed species in harsher microclimates under open canopies. Although significant, responses of community fruit body size and color lightness were inconsistent across lineages. We suggest the toughness-protection hypothesis, stating that tough-fleshed fruit b...森林物种受大气候（macroclimate）调控，但微气候变异性（microclimatic variability）可能更为极端，且会随气候变化发生改变。真菌子实体群落组成受微气候差异影响。本研究旨在探究子实体群落的差异是否可通过子实体的形态性状（morphological traits）得到解释——这些性状或有助于子实体抵御严苛环境。我们采用枯木实验（dead wood experiment），测定了大型真菌子实体的大小、颜色与韧性。我们将两种寄主树种的原木分别放置于封闭林冠与人工去除部分林冠的森林生境中，采用随机区组设计开展了为期四年的实验，并对两个真菌类群——担子菌门（Basidiomycota）与子囊菌门（Ascomycota）的所有可见子实体完成了鉴定。我们发现，在林冠开放的严苛微气候环境中，肉质坚韧的物种占比始终更高。尽管相关响应具有统计学显著性，但不同真菌类群间的子实体大小与颜色明度响应模式并不统一。我们据此提出韧性保护假说（toughness-protection hypothesis），认为肉质坚韧的子实...