Evolutionary and phenotypically plastic response of adult gene expression to larval undernutrition in Drosophila melanogaster

This RNAseq study has been performed in the framework of a project using experimental evolution to understand the consequences of genetically-based adaptation to juvenile undernutrition for adult gene metabolism. Six "Selected" populations of Drosophila melanogaster had been maintained on a very poor larval diet (3.2 g yeast / liter w/v) for 14 years (about 250 generations). Six "Control" populations of the same origin had been maintained in parallel on the standard diet (12.5 g yeast/liter). In a factorial design, we performed RNAseq on flies from Selected and Control populations raised both standard and poor diet. This design separates the effects of the evolutionary differentiation between the two sets of populations, and the effect of the larval diet experienced by the focal individuals. Adults of all populations were transferred to standard diet within 24 h or emergence and maintained on it for 3 days before being collected for RNAseq. RNAseq was performed on carcasses of adult mated females (10 carcasses per sample), consisting mainly of the fat body and the abdominal body wall. 2 evolutionary regimes (Selected vs. Control) each with 6 replicate populations (S1-6, C1-6) x 2 larval diet treatments (poor vs. standard); one biological sample of 10 carcasses, all samples multiplexed and seqeunced on two lanes ("lane 2" and "lane 7"; hence two raw data files per sample).