Characteristics of 7 included meta-analyses and trials included or excluded in each meta-analysis.

X =  study not included in meta-analysis. Reasons for non-inclusion: NDA- eligible for inclusion but no patient-level data available; agent- did not compare vitamin D plus calcium with placebo; size- study smaller than inclusion criteria allowed; age- age outside inclusion criteria; uncertain- unknown reason for exclusion; duration- duration of study less than inclusion criteria allowed; design- design did not meet inclusion criteria; controls- untreated control group; date- after search date; IM- intramuscular administration.
alimited or no fracture data in primary publication, but data obtained from lead author and published in at least 1 meta-analysis. The Bolton-Smith fracture trial data were not published in Avenell 2009 until after publication of the Bischoff-Ferrari 2009 meta-analysis.
btrial does not appear to meet eligibility criteria for meta-analysis.
Abbreviations: Secondary- included in secondary analyses only. Vit D: vitamin D.
Characteristics of 7 included meta-analyses and trials included or excluded in each meta-analysis.