Glutathione transferases, Bacterial conjugation, SUMOylation and Odorant metabolizing enzymes

A) While numerous biochemical and structural studies have been carried out on glutathione transferases, the mechanism of glutathione activation is still poorly understood and little is known about their physiological substrates and ligands.B) Conjugation is facilitated by a complex of proteins (T4SS) located in the cell envelope of the donating bacterium. Limited research has been conducted on the structure and functions of T4SSs in Gram-positive bacteria.C) SUMOylation is a type of post-translational modification in which SUMO protein is covalently attached to target proteins. Sumoylation is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, making it a promising target.D) Odorant metabolizing enzymes (OME) are found in biological fluids (saliva, mucus), the epitheliums lining the mucosae, and the microbiota present in the oral and nasal cavities. Gaining insights into the structural features of OME is important to understand the metabolism of flavour compounds.