Posttraumatic Growth in Breast Cancer Patients Post-Mastectomy: Body Image Mediates Self-Actualization and Ego Strength

Objective: The diagnosis, treatment, and side effects of breast cancer are often experienced as traumatic events that impact multiple aspects of a woman’s life. While many factors influence how individuals adapt to this trauma, the psychological variables contributing to post-traumatic growth (PTG) remain insufficiently explored. This study proposed a conceptual model in which self-actualization and ego strength predict PTG, with body image serving as a mediating factor. Method: To evaluate this model, 182 Iranian women who had undergone mastectomy, were recruited through convenience sampling. Participants completed the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory, Body Image Scale, Ego Strength Scale, Short Index of Self-Actualization, and a demographic questionnaire. Results: Data analysis revealed that body image significantly mediated the relationship between self-actualization, ego strength, and PTG. Conclusion: Structural equation modeling offered new insights into the mediating role of body image, providing a more nuanced understanding of the psychological processes underlying adaptation and growth, and contributing to the broader literature on PTG among breast cancer survivors.