Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2022OCTS_02

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 115 previously unknown pulsars among which 20 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least one year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. The follow-up timing in OCTS22 will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals. In addition, the data obtained from this timing project will allow us to obtain many auxiliary scientific results which would help us understand the nature of the interstellar medium, spectral properties as well as pulsar emission mechanism.

本请求旨在为两项巡天中新发现脉冲星的计时观测项目申请观测时间：一项是对HTRU-S巡天（HTRU-S LowLat）的银道面低纬度区域进行再处理后发现的脉冲星，另一项则来自帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey，简称PMPS）。我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的观测工作，并依托基于图形处理器（Graphics Processing Unit，简称GPU）的相干加速搜索、模板库与快速折叠算法流程，完成了零加速度PMPS搜寻任务，目前已发现115颗此前未被记录的脉冲星，其中20颗发现于PMPS巡天中。通常而言，新发现脉冲星仅在得到观测确认并启动后续计时观测后，才能产出具有科学价值的研究成果。要完整表征任意一颗新发现脉冲星的物理特性，至少需要开展为期一年的初始计时观测——这是推导脉冲星特征年龄、磁场强度、自转下降速率等参数，以及探测脉冲星因辐射不稳定性引发异常行为的必要前提。本项目将针对多类极具科学价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure，简称DM）脉冲星、展宽轮廓脉冲星，以及在UWL波段展现宽带辐射的亮脉冲星。OCTS22的后续计时观测将助力我们达成多项振奋人心的长期科学目标。此外，本计时项目获取的观测数据还将产出多项辅助科学成果，助力我们深化对星际介质物理特性、光谱属性以及脉冲星辐射机制的理解。