Replication Data for \"War Preparation, War and the Adoption of Family Allowances\"

Many Western countries first introduced family allowances around the Second World War. We argue that this clustering is not coincidental and put pronatalist policies related to war preparation and the socio-economic and demographic ramifications of the Second World War at the centre of our explanation. To test this, we first conduct brief case studies of France, Germany, Italy, and Japan to detail how war preparation influenced the introduction of such family allowances. Secondly, a panel regression of 18 Western countries investigates the different factors contributing to the timing of introduction of such policies and shows that war and its aftershocks have been an important causal factor in the introduction of family allowances. It was not so much the destructiveness of and the involvement in the war that played a role, but rather a general wartime crisis that affected belligerent and non-belligerent countries in similar ways.诸多西方国家均于第二次世界大战前后首次推行家庭津贴制度。本文认为，这一政策集中出台的集群现象并非偶然，并将与战争筹备相关的鼓励生育政策，以及第二次世界大战带来的社会经济与人口结构影响作为核心解释逻辑。为验证这一论点，本文首先以法国、德国、意大利及日本为样本开展简要案例研究，详细阐释战争筹备如何推动此类家庭津贴制度的落地。其次，本文针对18个西方国家展开面板回归分析，探究影响此类政策出台时序的各类驱动因素，结果表明战争及其战后余波是家庭津贴制度出台的重要因果诱因。真正发挥核心作用的并非战争的破坏性与各国的参战卷入程度，而是普遍存在的战时危机——这类危机对交战方与非交战方均产生了相似的冲击。