Transistor-like iontronics device based on MXene/Bi 2D heterojunction for human–machine intelligent interaction

Human-machine intelligent interaction (HMII) technology, which is an advanced iteration of human–machine interaction technology, has garnered widespread attention owing to its significant achievements in healthcare and virtual reality research. Nonetheless, these fields often depend on elaborate multi-sensor integrations and face challenges in achieving precise control over robotic manipulation. Herein, a novel transistor-like iontronics pressure sensor based on an MXene/Bi 2D heterojunction is proposed. This transistor-like, flexible, all-solid-state, self-powered iontronics device exhibited a fast response time (66.59 ms), long lifetime (up to 50,000 cycles), and static/dynamic response with linear sensitivity. A deep-learning-assisted single-device HMII system was further constructed. Crucially, the system is adept at monitoring subtle skin deformations triggered by the median and ulnar nerves, efficient real-time decoding of sophisticated hand gestures (recognition accuracy of 95.83%), and precise control of robotic hands using tactile perception feedback. This approach addresses the inherent redundancy in multi-sensor devices used to decode motion across multiple finger joints, marking a significant step forward for iontronics in enhancing the perceptual interaction between humans and machines.