Alignment data (Phylogenetic diversity and morphological characterization of cordycipitaceous species in Taiwan)

Species classified in <i>Cordycipitaceae</i> (<i>Hypocreales</i>) include multiple entomopathogenic fungi. Numerous changes have recently occurred in the nomenclature of cordycipitaceous fungi due to the single naming system proposed for pleomorphic fungi in 2011 based on multigene phylogenies. Species of <i>Cordycipitaceae</i> are also widely applied as herbal medicines, especially in Asian cultures. However, the diversity of <i>Cordycipitaceae</i> in Taiwan is based on relatively few records in the literature. Here we conducted a comprehensive survey of this family throughout the island of Taiwan and provided a glimpse of the diversity and distribution patterns. In addition, the present study reassesses the generic and species boundaries of <i>Cordycipitaceae</i> and finally provides an updated phylogenic overview of <i>Cordyceps</i> and allied genera. Phylogenetic reconstructions using combined ITS, nrLSU, <i>tef</i>1-α, <i>rpb</i>1, and <i>rpb</i>2 sequence data, along with morphological features, resulted in ten novel species:<b><i> </i></b><i>Akanthomyces taiwanicus </i><i>sp. nov.</i>,<b><i> </i></b><i>Blackwellomyces taiwanensis</i> <i>sp. nov.</i>, <i>Cordyceps hehuanensis sp. nov</i><i>.</i>, <i>C</i>.<i> locastrae</i><i> sp. nov.</i>, <i>C</i>.<i> malleiformis</i><i> sp. nov.</i>, <i>C</i>.<i> pseudorosea</i><i> sp. nov.</i>, <i>C</i>.<i> siangyangensis </i><i>sp. nov.</i>, <i>Samsoniella lasiocampidarum sp. nov.</i>, <i>S</i>.<i> yuanzuiensis sp. nov.</i>, and <i>Simplicillium salviniae </i><i>sp. nov.</i>; and nine new records for Taiwan: <i>A</i>.<i> kanyawimiae</i>, <i>A</i>.<i> muscarius</i>, <i>S</i>.<i> cardinalis</i>, <i>S</i>.<i> hepiali</i>, <i>B</i>.<i> lii</i>, <i>B</i>.<i> medogensis</i>, <i>C</i>.<i> lepidopterorum</i>, <i>C</i>.<i> neopruinosa</i>,<i> </i>and <i>Si</i>.<i> chinense</i>.<i> </i>Furthermore, we provided DNA sequence data of the ex-type strains of <i>C. ninchukispora </i>for the first time and determined the species limits of the taxon. In addition, the present study proposed to synonymize <i>B. staphylinidicola</i> and <i>C. jakajanicola</i> under <i>B. bassiana</i> and <i>C. lepidopterorum</i>, respectively. Moreover, three species, <i>C. roseostromata, C. kyushuensis</i>, and <i>C. shuifuensis</i>, that clustered within the species clade of <i>C. militaris</i> are proposed to be synonymized under the latter taxon. To maintain the monophyly of <i>Cordyceps</i>, we propose to classify <i>P</i><i>arahevansia koratensis</i> in <i>Cordyceps</i>, which makes the genus <i>P</i><i>arahevansia</i> obsolete.