Relationships between population, ensemble and assemblage-level parameters and the habitat attributes.

Parameter at population-level: species abundance. Parameters at ensemble-level: rarified number of nectarivorous (S8N) and frugivorous species (S8F), abundance of nectarivores (AbN) and frugivores (AbF). Parameters at assemblage-level: scores of the first (SC1) and second ordination axis (SC2) reflecting assemblage dissimilarities in species composition and structure, rarified number of phyllostomid species (S8P) and abundance of phyllostomids (AbP). Habitat attributes: vegetation structural complexity (Vstruct), mean area of dry (DFarea) and riparian forest patches (RFarea), percentage of riparian forest cover (RF%) and diversity of patch types (Div). Negative relationships are shown in parentheses.