Finnish National Election Study 2015

Finnish National Election Study 2015 charted the political participation, political attitudes, party allegiance, candidate and party choice, and voting behaviour of Finns. Further topics included citizens' initiative, different ways of having a say, and future prospects of Finland. The data were collected after the elections through face-to-face interviews and a self-administered drop-off questionnaire. The interview data contain Finland's contribution to the international CSES study (module 4). First questions in the interview covered interest in politics, attention paid to media coverage of the elections (including social media), Internet use, discussions about politics with others, party identification and self-perceived social class. The respondents were asked to what extent they agreed with some statements relating to voting, democracy, the electoral system, and decision-making. Willingness to influence things by own activity (for instance, by participating in a demonstration or joining a consumer boycott) was charted as well as membership in a political party. Concerning citizens' initiative, the respondents were asked whether they thought the introduction of the initiative had promoted democracy in Finland and whether they had signed any initiatives. Opinions on the importance of the Internet and social media as channels of civic engagement were surveyed. The survey also carried a set of attitudinal statements on voting, politics, political parties, politicians and public political influence (e.g. 'I have no say in what the Government and Parliament decide' or 'By voting, ordinary people can influence political decision-making'. With regard to the future prospects of Finland, the respondents were asked which future directions they thought sounded good or bad (e.g. "more entrepreneurship and market economy", "better equality between men and women"). The CSES module explored the respondents' opinions on the economic situation of Finland, own financial situation, whether public expenditure on various things should be increased or decreased, whether the Government should take measures to bridge the income gap, and whether it made a difference who was in power or who people voted for. The respondents were asked to place themselves and the parties on a left-right axis. Questions also covered satisfaction with democracy in Finland and whether the respondents felt close to any party. Voting behaviour was studied with questions on whether the respondents had voted, the candidate of which party they had voted for, whether they had considered voting for a candidate of any other party and if yes, which party, whether they had voted in the previous parliamentary elections and which party they had voted for. Opinions on the party leaders were surveyed. Finally, the respondents' factual knowledge of politics was tested with a few questions. Non-voters were asked why they had not voted and how self-evident not voting had been to them. All those who had voted were asked what had influenced their choice of party, to what extent various issues had influenced their candidate choice, whether they had voted for a candidate who was of the same age and gender as themselves, and when they had decided which candidate and party to vote for. The respondents' perceptions of how much different things and people had affected their political opinions were studied. Trust in government and other institutions, groups and people was charted as well as views on the performance of the Government in the previous electoral term. The self-administered questionnaire surveyed the extent to which the respondents agreed with a number of statements relating to values and Finnish politics, whether they identified with different groups, and information sources used for making the voting decision. The respondents were also asked whether they had been contacted personally by a party or a candidate during campaigning, whether their family or friends and acquaintances had tried to influence their voting decision, and how easy it had been for the respondents to find a suitable party and candidate. Online voting and political activities and participation on the Internet were charted as well as time spent on following news and other programmes on politics and topical issues. Other topics included views on own financial situation and the Finnish economy and employment situation, satisfaction with own life, and opinions on who should make the important political decisions. Finally, personality traits of the respondents were surveyed using the Ten-item personality inventory (TIPI). Variables beginning with 'k' are national election study variables, 'q' denotes CSES variables, 'p' denotes variables in the self-administered questionnaire, 'a' denotes CSES administrative variables and 'd' denotes background variables. Background variables included, among others, the respondent's year of birth, gender, education, marital status, health status, trade union membership, economic activity and occupational status, employer type, unemployment periods, religiosity and religious attendance, mother tongue, gross annual household income, number of people in the household, type of neighbourhood/municipality, housing tenure, and electoral district.

2015年芬兰国家选举研究绘制了芬兰民众的政治参与、政治态度、政党归属、候选人与政党选择，以及投票行为。研究进一步涵盖了公民提案、表达意见的不同途径，以及芬兰的未来展望。数据收集于选举之后，通过面对面访谈和自填式问卷的方式进行。访谈数据包含了芬兰对国际CSES研究的贡献（模块4）。访谈初期的几个问题涉及对政治的兴趣、对选举媒体报道（包括社交媒体）的关注度、互联网使用情况、与他人就政治议题的讨论、政党认同及自我感知的社会阶层。受访者被询问他们对一些与投票、民主、选举制度和决策相关的陈述的赞同程度。研究还探讨了受访者通过自身活动（例如，参与示威或加入消费者抵制）影响事物的意愿，以及他们在政党中的成员资格。关于公民提案，受访者被问及他们认为提案的引入是否促进了芬兰的民主，以及他们是否签署过任何提案。对互联网和社交媒体作为公民参与渠道的重要性也进行了调查。调查还包含了一系列关于投票、政治、政党、政治家及公众政治影响力的态度陈述（例如，“我对政府和国会的决策毫无发言权”或“通过投票，普通民众可以影响政治决策”）。关于芬兰的未来展望，受访者被问及他们认为哪些未来方向听起来是好是坏（例如，“更多的企业家精神和市场经济”，“男女之间更好的平等”）。CSES模块探讨了受访者对芬兰经济状况、个人财务状况的看法，以及是否应该增加或减少对各种事物的公共支出，政府是否应采取措施缩小收入差距，以及政权在谁手中或谁被选为是否有所区别。受访者被要求将自己和政党置于左右政治轴线上。问题还涉及对芬兰民主的满意度以及受访者是否感到与任何政党亲近。通过一系列问题研究了投票行为，包括受访者是否投票、他们为哪个政党投票、是否考虑过为其他政党的候选人投票以及如果是的话是哪个政党、是否在上一届议会选举中投票以及为哪个政党投票，以及对政党领导人的看法。最后，通过几个问题测试了受访者在政治方面的实际知识。未投票者被问及他们为何未投票以及未投票对他们来说有多明显。所有投票者都被问及什么影响了他们选择政党，各种问题在多大程度上影响了他们的候选人选择，他们是否为与自己年龄和性别相同的候选人投票，以及他们决定为哪位候选人和哪个政党投票的时间。研究还探讨了受访者对不同事物和人物影响其政治观点的认知程度。对政府和其他机构、群体以及个人的信任度也进行了调查，以及对上届选举期间政府表现的看法。自填式问卷调查了受访者对与价值观和芬兰政治相关的若干陈述的赞同程度，是否认同不同群体，以及用于做出投票决策的信息来源。受访者还被问及在竞选期间是否被政党或候选人直接接触，他们的家人、朋友和熟人是否试图影响他们的投票决策，以及他们找到合适的政党候选人的难易程度。研究还记录了在线投票和政治活动，以及花在关注新闻和其他政治及时事节目上的时间。其他主题包括对自身财务状况和芬兰经济就业状况的看法，对自身生活的满意度，以及对谁应做出重要政治决策的意见。最后，通过十项人格量表（TIPI）调查了受访者的个性特征。以'k'开头的变量是国民选举研究变量，'q'表示CSES变量，'p'表示自填式问卷中的变量，'a'表示CSES行政变量，'d'表示背景变量。背景变量包括受访者的出生年份、性别、教育程度、婚姻状况、健康状况、工会会员资格、经济活动及职业状况、雇主类型、失业期、宗教信仰及宗教参与、母语、毛年收入、家庭人数、邻里/市政类型、住房权属，以及选举区等。