Development of a High-Voltage, High-Current Pulse Power Supply Based on Thyristor Surge Suppressor

High-voltage and high-current pulse power supplies have significant application value in food sterilization, biomedicine, and other fields. However, the existing technology is limited by the current-carrying capacity of power semiconductor switch devices, making it difficult to stably output kiloampere-level pulse currents under high-voltage conditions, thus failing to meet the application requirements of some low-impedance loads. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-branch parallel topology based on a series array of Thyristor Surge Suppressors, achieving precise synchronous driving of multiple branches through photoconductive switches, and combining a magnetic compression module to optimize the pulse waveform collaboratively. Based on the above design, a 5-branch parallel pulse generator experimental circuit was built. Experimental results show that under a 10 Ω load, it can output a high-voltage and high-current pulse with a voltage of 24 kV and a peak current of 1240 A, with a rise time of 532 ns and can operate stably at a repetition frequency of 10 Hz. This design successfully realizes the output of high-voltage and high-current pulses above kiloamperes in the nanosecond range, providing a new technical approach for the development of high-voltage and high-current pulse power supplies.

高压大电流脉冲电源在食品杀菌、生物医药等领域具备显著应用价值。然而现有技术受限于电力半导体开关器件的通流能力，难以在高压工况下稳定输出千安级脉冲电流，无法满足部分低阻抗负载的应用需求。为此，本文提出一种基于晶闸管浪涌抑制器（Thyristor Surge Suppressors）串联阵列的多支路并联拓扑结构，通过光电导开关（photoconductive switches）实现多支路的精准同步驱动，并结合磁压缩模块（magnetic compression module）协同优化脉冲波形。基于上述设计方案，搭建了5支路并联的脉冲发生器实验电路。实验结果表明，在10 Ω负载条件下，该电路可输出电压24 kV、峰值电流1240 A的高压大电流脉冲，上升沿时间为532 ns，且可在10 Hz的重复频率下稳定运行。本设计成功实现了纳秒级千安以上高压大电流脉冲的输出，为高压大电流脉冲电源的研发提供了全新的技术路径。