沿海地區農地造林技術研究

"一、執行成果中文摘要：
1. 平地造林主要實施目標為一般農業區內的農牧用地，以較不具競爭力之農地作為造林地，其中尤以沿海地區屬低生產力土地，從事作物生產往往失敗，致農民經營意願低落，須靠政府補助以營基本生活。然農地造林木生長期間長，每年遭強風、鹽霧、鹽分、乾燥及貧瘠等逆境侵襲，因此造林工作更為不易。
2. 針對雲林沿海地區早期申請之農地造林地進行調查，結果顯示濱海鄉鎮的麥寮、台西、四湖及東勢之土壤屬低鹽度，但其中台西及四湖已接近中鹽度的程度。水林及口湖之土壤則屬高鹽度農地，而兩個地區都屬發生地層下陷且積水嚴重之鄉鎮。
3. 透過9項林木健康狀態 ，經因素分析後建立3個森林健康度指標，分為樹冠及葉部活力指標、病蟲危害指標及林木開花結實指標。雲林縣平地造林早期造林樹種生長調查結果以木麻黃、象牙樹、蘭嶼羅漢松及小葉南洋杉等生長表現較佳；至於台灣肖楠及大葉桃花心木生長狀況最差。樣區健康等級以大葉山欖、瓊崖海棠、肖楠、大葉桃花心木及台灣櫸已產生劣化或不健康狀況。2011年新植造林樹種生長情形結果以欖李、茄苳、台灣相思樹、台灣櫸、大葉桃花心木、蘭嶼羅漢松、黃連木、無患子、瓊崖海棠、欖仁等樹種生長表現較佳，樣區健康等級均屬健康；生長狀況最差為台灣肖楠及烏心石。整體而言台灣肖楠及烏心石建議不宜在濱海地區推廣，針對嚴重積水地區宜採高畦作業，同時改植耐淹浸之樹種。最後早期栽植林地現況一般疏於管理，應再加強中後期撫育作業。
二、執行成果英文摘要：
1. The main targets of implementation on plain afforestation are agricultural and husbandry lands. However, the less competiveness in agricultural lands. Hence, farmers are not willing to work in this area and would rather make their living by government grants. Besides, with the long plant growth period, plus the adversities caused by strong winds, salt spray, salt, dryness and barrenness of the land, itis harder to put afforestation in coastal area into practice.
2. Investigation is carried out aims at the early application of agricultural afforestation in Yunlin coastal areas. The result is as follows: among the coastal places, low salinity is found in lands of Mailiao, Taihsi, shihu, and Dongshin, and of the four, a near level of middle salinity is found in Taihsi and shihu; high salinity is found in Shueilin and Kouhu, both of which have gone through land subsidence and serious hydrops.
3. Examining nine items of tree health, through factor analysis, three forest health indicators are built: crown and leaf vitality index, disease and insects index, and flowering and fruiting index. In plains afforestation of Yunlin county, the growth situation of early reproducing tree species is investigated. The result shows there is better growth in Casuarina equisetifolia, Diospyros ferrea, Podocarpus costalis and Araucaria excelsa; as for Calocedrus formosana and Swietenia macropnylla, they show the worst growth. As far as forest health degree is concerned, deterioration or unhealthy situation can be found in Palaquium formosanum, Calophyllum inophyllum, Calocedrus formosana, Swietenia macropnylla and Zelkova serrata. In the newly planted afforestation tree species of 2011, the result shows there is better growth in, Bischofia jabanica, Acacia confusa, Zelkova serrata, Swietenia macropnylla, Podocarpus costalis, Pistacia chinensis, Sapindus mukorossii, Calophyllum inophyllum, Terminalia catappa.
Besides, their forest health degree appears healthy; the worst growth situation is found in Calocedrus formosana and Michelia compressa. As a whole, Calocedrus formosana and Michelia compressa are suggested not to be planted in coastal areas. Next, in areas of hydrops, contour ridges and planting tree species with submergence-endured are advised. Last, inattention of early afforestation needs to be concerned and further middle and late tending has to be done."