Ten questions concerning particle exposure in open electrosurgery and its control strategies

The increasing use of high-frequency electrosurgical pencils in open surgeries has heightened concerns about the adverse implications of electrosurgical smoke (ES) on perioperative personnel. Since 2015, there has been an increasing amount of research on electrosurgical smoke particles annually. Despite data discrepancies, nanoparticles (core particle size Answers to 10 key questions on particle exposure in open electrosurgery are provided.Particles with mode diameter around 100 nm dominate in open electrosurgeries.PM concentration relates to tissue type, OR air changes and ESU power.Local smoke evacuation devices help protect perioperative staff health.The goal is to summarize ES particle exposure knowledge to protect medical staff. Answers to 10 key questions on particle exposure in open electrosurgery are provided. Particles with mode diameter around 100 nm dominate in open electrosurgeries. PM concentration relates to tissue type, OR air changes and ESU power. Local smoke evacuation devices help protect perioperative staff health. The goal is to summarize ES particle exposure knowledge to protect medical staff.