Bovine vaginal discharge Raw sequence reads. Bovine vaginal discharge

In dairy cows, Rumen-protected choline (RPC) is crucial in optimizing lipid metabolism during the transition period, aiding adaptation to lactation. However, the success of RPC depends on choline bioavailability, which can be affected by the protection method used. Our study fed dairy cows with a highly bioavailable RPC (hb-RPC) for 21 days before and after parturition and analyzed its effects on dry matter intake, milk yield, and immunity. The results showed that feeding cows with hb-RPC enhanced lactation performance and reduced the abundance of Fusobacterium in vaginal discharge, a common pathogen linked to metritis. These findings underscore the importance of RPC bioavailability in supporting lactation performance and highlight the need for further research in reproductive health.