Habitat--Offshore of Santa Barbara, California

This part of SIM 3281 presents data for the habitat map of the seafloor (see sheet 7, SIM 3281) of the Offshore of Santa Barbara map area, California. The vector data file is included in "Habitat_OffshoreSantaBarbara.zip," which is accessible from http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSantaBarbara/data_catalog_OffshoreSantaBarbara.html. Using multibeam echosounder (MBES) bathymetry and backscatter data, potential marine benthic habitat maps were constructed. The habitats were based on substrate types and documented or "ground truthed" using underwater video images and seafloor samples obtained by the USGS. These maps display various habitat types that range from flat, soft, unconsolidated sediment-covered seafloor to hard, deformed (folded) or highly rugose and differentially eroded bedrock exposures. Rugged, high-relief, rocky outcrops that have been eroded to form ledges and small caves are ideal habitat for rockfish (Sebastes spp.) and other bottom fish such as lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus). Habitat map is presented in a map format generated in a GIS (ArcMap), and both digital and hard-copy versions will be produced.本数据集SIM 3281的此部分，提供了加利福尼亚州圣巴巴拉近海制图区的海底生境地图相关数据（详见SIM 3281第7幅图幅）。矢量数据文件收录于"Habitat_OffshoreSantaBarbara.zip"压缩包，可通过http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/781/OffshoreSantaBarbara/data_catalog_OffshoreSantaBarbara.html获取。 研究人员借助多波束测深声呐（multibeam echosounder, MBES）获取的水深测量数据与反向散射数据，构建了潜在海洋底栖生境地图。该生境分类以底质类型为依据，并通过美国地质调查局（USGS）采集的水下视频影像与海底样品完成了实地验证（即“地面校准”）。此类地图涵盖了多样的生境类型，覆盖范围从平坦松软、被未固结沉积物覆盖的海底，到坚硬、变形（褶皱）或起伏强烈且经差异性侵蚀的基岩露头。经侵蚀形成岩架与小型洞穴的崎岖高起伏岩石露头，是岩鱼属（Sebastes spp.）以及长蛇齿单线鱼（Ophiodon elongatus）等底层鱼类的理想栖息生境。本生境地图采用地理信息系统（GIS, ArcMap）生成的制图格式进行呈现，将同时提供数字版与纸质版副本。