Parkes observations for project P1183 semester 2025APRS_12

After nearly two years of monitoring, comprising 126.7 hours over 57 observations with the Parkes telescope and 49.4 hours across 101 observations with the FAST telescopes, we have determined that FRB 20220529 is an extremely active repeater. It exhibits one of the longest activity durations and a potential period. Due to frequent observations scheduled with both Parkes and FAST, we recently observed an abrupt rotation measure (RM) flare in this source. This is the first detection of such an ``RM flare'' in a fast radio burst (FRB), suggesting that the source is in an environment with occasionally erupting coronal mass ejection. This presents a unique opportunity to study the eruption environment of FRBs and investigate the relation between burst activity and other burst parameters. If confirmed, the periodicity and the ``RM flare'' of FRB 20220529 would corroborate each other and become a ``smoking gun'' of the binary origin of FRB. In our previous analysis, both Parkes and FAST observations have proven essential. While FAST's higher sensitivity has enabled the capture of many bursts, Parkes' wideband receiver has provided a good burst detection rate even during low-rate phases. Notably, during the RM flare, two high signal-to-noise ratio bursts from Parkes have been crucial in understanding the RM variations. To further investigate FRB 20220529, we have scheduled regular FAST observations every fortnight, monitoring the source for 20 minutes each time. Therefore, we also propose to monitor FRB 20220529 using the Parkes UWL receiver, ensuring high-time resolution and employing full-polarization observations.

经过近两年的监测，我们利用帕克斯望远镜（Parkes telescope）开展了57次观测、累计时长126.7小时，同时使用500米口径球面射电望远镜（Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, FAST）开展了101次观测、累计时长49.4小时，由此确定快速射电暴（Fast Radio Burst, FRB）20220529是一颗活跃度极高的重复暴源。它拥有目前已知最长的活动持续时长之一，并展现出潜在的周期性。得益于针对帕克斯望远镜和FAST的密集观测计划，我们近期首次在该源中探测到一次突发性的旋转量度（Rotation Measure, RM）耀斑。这是人类首次在快速射电暴（FRB）中观测到此类“RM耀斑”现象，暗示其所处环境存在间歇性喷发的日冕物质抛射（Coronal Mass Ejection, CME）。这为我们研究快速射电暴的喷发环境，以及探索暴源活动与其他爆发参数之间的关联提供了独一无二的契机。若该周期性特征与“RM耀斑”现象均得到证实，二者将互为佐证，成为快速射电暴双星起源的确凿证据。在我们此前的分析中，帕克斯望远镜与FAST的观测数据均发挥了不可或缺的作用：FAST的高灵敏度助力捕捉到大量爆发事件，而帕克斯的宽频接收机即使在爆发率较低的阶段也能保持良好的探测效率。尤为关键的是，在此次RM耀斑事件中，帕克斯望远镜探测到的两例高信噪比爆发事件，为我们理解旋转量度的变化提供了核心依据。为进一步开展对FRB 20220529的研究，我们已计划每两周开展一次FAST常规观测，每次对该源进行20分钟的监测。与此同时，我们还提议使用帕克斯望远镜的UWL接收机对FRB 20220529开展监测，以实现高时间分辨率的全偏振观测。