臺灣地區林木長喙殼菌之研究及防治(3/4) The study and management of ophiostomatoid fungi in Taiwan

長喙殼菌(Ophiostomatoid fungi)為森林中廣泛存在的真菌種類，藉由小蠹蟲傳播，感染健康樹木、衰弱木或風折木，部份種類甚至可造成維管束萎凋(vascular wilt)、藍染(blue stain)或林木根莖部之危害，造成樹木死亡或降低木材品質。本年度於高雄六龜及台北信賢苗圃設置誘引器，定期監測森中小蠹蟲的種類及族群數量，並增加美國樟科植物萎凋病之媒介小蠹蟲Xyleborus glabratus的專一性誘引劑，çubebe oil，以了解台灣森林中X. glabratus的族群變化情形。此外，針對已分離的長喙殼菌Ambrosiella屬完成形態鑑定及分子序列分析(包含ITS、TEF1-α和RPB1序列)，共鑑定出5種Ambrosiella spp.，分別為Ambrosiella nakashimae、 A. beaveri、A. roeperi、A. grosmanniae和A. catenulata，其中，A. catenulata為本研究發現的新種。

Ophiostomatoid fungi are popular in the forest and they could be carried to dispersal by ambrosia or bark beetles. Some species of ophiostomatoid fungi could cause vascular wilt, blue stain or diseases of stems or roots in the forest. Besides, they also lower the quality of wood to utilize. In this year, we set several traps for monitoring the species and population of Scolytinae beetles in Liouquei (Kaohsiung) and Xinxian (Taipei) forests. Besides, we also used the specific lure of Xyleborus glabratus, cubeb oil, to monitor the population of X. glabratus, the vector of American laurel wilt, in Taiwan’s forest. In the other hand, we had identified 5 Ambrosiella species including Ambrosiella nakashimae, A. beaveri, A. roeperi, A. grosmanniae and A. catenulata sp. nov. according to fungal morphology and DNA analysis of ITS、TEF1-αand RPB1 sequences. Among them, A. catenulata was new species in the world.