Insights into the association of Nicotiana tabacum health with eukaryotic microbial community and environment factors

As an important cash crop, the yield and quality of Nicotiana tabacum are susceptible to different factors, and how the microbial community and environment factors correlate with the health status of Nicotiana tabacum remain largely unexplored. In this study, we conducted microbial diversity analyses of Nicotiana tabacum rhizosphere microbiomes based on ITS rDNA sequencing under different conditions. Compared with soil with healthy Nicotiana tabacum, alpha and beta diversity of eukaryotic microbial community decrease in soil with diseased Nicotiana tabacum, indicating a compromised microbial abundance and composition. Compared with healthy soil, the eukaryotic microbial community exhibited loose structure networks in diseased soil, and the assembly process of both communities is predominantly governed by stochastic processes. Soil element measurement and correlation analysis indicated that key environment factors that correlate with the health status of Nicotiana tabacum include pH, manganese, and copper. The machine learning model for predicting the health status of Nicotiana tabacum was built based on environment factors and major microbial phyla, achieving high prediction accuracy (93%). Collectively, these findings provide comprehensive insights into the relationship between Nicotiana tabacum health status, soil condition, environment factors, and eukaryotic microbial community.