Synchronous formation and consistent provenance across different particle sizes in loess deposits on the Chinese Loess Plateau

This dataset presents (234U/238U) from seven silt-sized fractions (2–63 μm) of loess deposits on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), spanning approximately 2.6 million years (Table S1). It includes transport time estimates derived using both regression-based and sample-specific methods, with fitted recoil factors applied to each grain-size fraction (Table S2). Pairwise Mann–Whitney U test p-values are reported for comparisons of transport times among loess samples of different depositional ages (Table S3). Additionally, a compilation of (234U/238U) and εNd values from potential dust source regions—including the Qilian Mountains, Gobi Desert, Ordos Desert, and Alxa arid lands (AALs)—is provided to support provenance comparisons with CLP loess samples (Table S4).