Moringa isothiocyanate-1 inhibits inflammation via NF-?B pathway in skeletal muscle cells

This study aims to investigate the effect of Moringa isothiocyanate-1 (MIC-1) derived from seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced muscle inflammation models. MIC-1 decreased nitric oxide production, and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers, in C2C12 myoblasts. The daily oral treatment of MIC-1 (80 mg/kg) for three days significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers (TNF-a, Ifn-a, IL-1ß, IL-6) in gastrocnemius tissue of mice. Transcriptomic analysis provided insight into the inhibitory effects of MIC-1 on the LPS-induced inflammation, which suggests that MIC-1 acts via inflammation, and immunity pathways in myoblasts and skeletal muscle tissue. MIC-1 inhibited the nuclear accumulation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-?B) in the LPS-treated murine, which supports that MIC-1 decreases inflammation and regulates immune responses at a gene expression level in LPS-induced inflammation murine model. Overall design: Mouse data comprising RNA-Seq from 18 samples was obtained: 9 samples from the myoblast [3 saline control replicates, 3 LPS (1 µg/mL) treated replicates, 3 LPS+10uM MIC-1 treated replicates] and 9 samples from skeletal muscle tissues [3 saline control replicates, 3 LPS (10?mg/kg b.w., i.p.) treated replicates, 3 LPS+MIC-1 (80?mg/kg, b.w., p.o) treated replicates].