A revised classification of the assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) based on combined analysis of phylogenomic and morphological data

Assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae Latreille) comprise one of the largest radiations of predatory animals (22 subfamilies; >6,800 spp.), but also include the medically important kissing bugs (Triatominae Jeannel). Reduviidae are morphologically diverse, engage in an astounding array of predatory strategies, and have evolved some of the most unique anti-predator and stealth techniques in the animal kingdom. While significant progress has been made to reveal the evolutionary history of assassin bugs and revise their taxonomy, the non-monophyly of the second largest assassin bug subfamily, Reduviinae Latreille, remains to be addressed. Leveraging phylogenomic data (2,291 loci) and 112 morphological characters, we performed the first data- and taxon-rich (195 reduvioid taxa) combined phylogenetic analysis across Reduvioidea and reconstructed morphological diagnostic features for major lineages. We corroborated the rampant polyphyly of Reduviinae that demands substantial revisions to th..., Please refer to the Material and Methods section of our paper for details regarding construction of the morphological matrix, molecular data generation and processing, phylogenetic analyses, and ancestral state reconstruction., , # A revised classification of the assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) based on combined analysis of phylogenomic and morphological data

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.d51c5b0bn](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.d51c5b0bn)

## Description of the data and file structure

**COMBINED_NGS_SANGER.phy**

This is the PHYLIP formatted concatenated alignment of 2,291 loci (totaling 1,803,947 bp) used as input for phylogenetic analysis in our study. These sequences were derived from several sources including hybrid capture (Anchored Hybrid Enrichment - AHE), OrthoMCL mining of low-coverage whole genomes, and Sanger sequencing of 3 nuclear ribosomal loci (18S, 28S D2-3, 28S D3-5) and 2 mitochondrial genes (16S and CO1). The AHE and OrthoMCL portions of the concatenated alignments in this file (totaling 2,286 loci) were processed and first analyzed by Knyshov et al. 2023 ([https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msad168](https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msad168)). See Supplementary Table 1 of our ...