Structured aggression and dominance dynamics in long-lived colonial African penguins (Spheniscus demersus)

1. Data files agonistic_events.csvContains all recorded aggressive interactions between African penguins during 97 observation days. date: observation date (YYYY-MM-DD) initiator: ID of the aggressor receiver: ID of the recipient interaction_type: categorical (e.g. point threat, chase, peck) edge_weight: ordinal aggression intensity (1 = display, 2 = chase, 3 = fight/peck) attributes.csvIndividual-level attributes of all penguins in the study colony. ID: individual name or band code sex: male (m) / female (f) age: integer, years at start of observation age_category: juvenile / adult rearing: rearing history (parent / hand / mix) 2. R scripts kovács et al 2025.rMain R script used for data processing and analyses.Includes: data cleaning and preparation construction of daily aggressive networks calculation of David’s Score (DS) using the ANTs package fitting permuted GLMs and PGLMMs for sex, age, and rearing effects generation of Figures 1–3