Pubertal Development Scale (PDS)

YOUth is a large-scale longitudinal cohort study following children from the city of Utrecht and its surrounding areas in their development from pregnancy until early adulthood. The YOUth cohort focuses on neurocognitive development involved in two core characteristics of behavioral development: social competence and behavioral control. YOUth includes children from the general population to cover the whole range of variation in behavioral development, ranging from uncomplicated development, through problem behavior, to psychiatric disorders. To understand why some children develop problematic behavior, and others show resilience, YOUth measures a broad range of biological, child-related and environmental determinants.

YOUth conducts repeated measurements at regular intervals (i.e. 'waves'). Specifically, the study has two inclusion moments: YOUth Baby & Child and YOUth Child & Adolescent. YOUth applies a flexible longitudinal design to the cohorts, meaning that children are measured at broader age ranges (3-year age ranges) at each wave. The main benefit of the flexible age design is that it provides more detailed information on the neurodevelopmental curves over time.

An extensive data set is generated, including 3D-ultrasound sweeps of the fetal brain, eye tracking, EEG, (f)MRI, computer tasks, cognitive measurements and parent-child observations. We also collect a broad range of questionnaires on behavior, personality, health, lifestyle, parenting, child development, use of (social) media and more. Finally, (umbilical) blood samples, buccal swabs, saliva and hair samples are collected at each visit, and stored in the UMC Utrecht Biobank.

YOUth队列（YOUth）是一项大型纵向队列研究，追踪乌得勒支市及其周边地区儿童从妊娠阶段直至成年早期的发育轨迹。该队列聚焦于行为发育两项核心特征所关联的神经认知发育：社交能力与行为控制。YOUth队列纳入普通人群中的儿童，以覆盖行为发育的全部变异谱系，从单纯的正常发育、问题行为直至精神障碍。
为厘清部分儿童出现问题行为、而另一部分儿童展现出心理韧性的成因，YOUth队列测量了涵盖生物学、儿童自身相关及环境性在内的多维度决定因素。
YOUth队列采用定期重复测量的研究方案（即“测评波次”）。具体而言，本研究包含两个入组节点：YOUth 婴幼儿与儿童（YOUth Baby & Child）队列以及YOUth 儿童与青少年（YOUth Child & Adolescent）队列。该队列采用灵活的纵向研究设计，即每一波次的测评覆盖3年跨度的宽泛年龄区间。这种灵活年龄设计的核心优势在于，能够提供随时间推移更为精细的神经发育曲线信息。
研究生成了规模庞大的数据集，涵盖胎儿脑部三维超声扫描、眼动追踪、脑电图（EEG）、功能磁共振成像（(f)MRI）、计算机任务测评、认知功能测量以及亲子互动观察等多种类型的数据。此外，研究团队还收集了涵盖行为、人格、健康、生活方式、育儿方式、儿童发育、社交媒体使用等多领域的大量问卷数据。
此外，每次访视时都会采集脐带血样本、口腔拭子、唾液及毛发样本，并存储于乌得勒支大学医学中心生物样本库（UMC Utrecht Biobank）。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

Pubertal Development Scale (PDS)数据集是YOUth研究项目的一部分，该研究追踪儿童从孕期到成年早期的发育情况，重点关注神经认知发展和社会能力、行为控制。数据集包含多种测量方法、问卷调查和生物样本，覆盖了一般人群中的儿童，旨在理解行为发展的差异和问题行为的成因。