Dataset for data in brief: Thermoacidophilic Microbial Inoculum Enhanced Composting Efficiency of Lignocellulosic waste.

The role of thermoacidophic effective microbes (tEM) used as microbial innoculants during composting was assesed under two experimental condtions; 1) tEM with shadding (tEMA), 2) tEM without shadding (tEMB) and control group - no tEM with out shadding (C). Treatrment of thermoacidophilic microorganisms during composting of lignocellulosic waste improved microbial diversity and microbial abundance. The improved microbial structure subsequently enhanced composting efficiency (composting rate and quality of the final product). Gas/Biogas production: Hydrogen sulphide (ppm), carbon dioxide (%), oxygen (%), and methane (%) production were measured using a biogas analyzer (Optima7 MRU Instruments Inc. Emission monitoring systems, Humble, Texas, USA). Ammonia gas was analyzed by pumping 50 cm3 biogas through 2% Boric acid (pH of 4.5) using ETG 6900 P Ammonia (Etg Risorse & Tecnologia, Carpignano 23 Montiglio (AT) – Italy). And ammonium borate complex titrated with 0.05N H2SO4 and concentration of ammonia gas was calculated based on moles of standard acid consumed. Biogas evolution has a direct relationship with the microbial decomposition of organic. High concentration of biogases like hydrogen sulphide, methane and ammonia, could indicate anaerobic condition. Aerobic decomposition is a more efficient way of composting since most composting microbes are aerobic. Besides, aerobic composting reduces emission of biogas and thus enhance environmental suitability. Microbial evolution data was obtained over 120d composting period through metagenomic DNA sequencing and culture-based microbial enumeration at thermophilic and mesophilic temperatures. Compost treatment with microbial innoculum (tEMA and tEMB) enhanced microbial diversity and abundance, especially during thermophilic phase compared to control group (C). Compost chemical analysis was performed using inductively coupled plasma, atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) on Perkin Elmer, Optima 8300 (Thermo Fisher Scientific Solutions Co., Ltd. Gwangpyeong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea). Heavy metal concentration was used as an indicator of compost quality. Germination index (Gi) at compost concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75% and global germination index (GI) (the average Gi at 50% and 75%) were calculated (Gariglio et al., 2002; Oktiawan and Zaman, 2018). The treatment groups showed higher germination index compared to control group. In addition, the treatment groups enhanced the population of beneficial microbes in the final compost while suppressing harmful microbial groups. This data is part of the research article (“Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Enhanced Biodiversity and Composting Efficiency of Lignocellulosic Waste by Thermoacidophilic Effective Microorganism (tEM)” (Ajuna et al.)). The data is important for evaluating composting efficiency and quality of the final compost product.本研究在两种实验条件下评估了嗜热嗜酸有效微生物（thermoacidophilic effective microbes, tEM）作为微生物接种剂在堆肥过程中的作用：1）带遮阳处理的tEM（tEMA）、2）不带遮阳处理的tEM（tEMB），以及对照组（C）：不添加tEM且无遮阳处理。木质纤维素废物堆肥过程中施加嗜热嗜酸微生物处理，可提升微生物多样性与丰度。优化后的微生物群落结构可进一步提升堆肥效率，包括堆肥速率与最终产物质量。 气体/生物气产出指标检测：采用生物气分析仪（"Optima7 MRU Instruments Inc. Emission monitoring systems, Humble, Texas, USA"）测定硫化氢（ppm）、二氧化碳（%）、氧气（%）与甲烷（%）的浓度。氨气检测则通过将50 cm³生物气泵入pH为4.5的2%硼酸溶液中完成，所用设备为ETG 6900 P氨气检测仪（"Etg Risorse & Tecnologia, Carpignano 23 Montiglio (AT) – Italy"）；随后以0.05N硫酸滴定生成的硼酸铵络合物，根据标准酸消耗量计算氨气浓度。 生物气释放与有机物质的微生物分解直接相关。高浓度的硫化氢、甲烷与氨气等生物气可指示厌氧环境。好氧分解是更高效的堆肥方式，因为多数堆肥微生物为好氧菌；此外，好氧堆肥可减少生物气排放，提升环境友好性。 微生物演化数据采集：本研究在120天的堆肥周期内，通过宏基因组DNA测序（metagenomic DNA sequencing）以及在嗜热与中温条件下的培养法微生物计数，获取微生物群落演化信息。与对照组（C）相比，施加微生物接种剂的处理组（tEMA与tEMB）可显著提升微生物多样性与丰度，尤其在嗜热发酵阶段效果更为突出。 堆肥化学分析：采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, ICP-AES），使用珀金埃尔默Optima 8300设备（"Thermo Fisher Scientific Solutions Co., Ltd. Gwangpyeong-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"）完成检测，以重金属浓度作为堆肥质量的评价指标。 发芽指数（germination index, GI）测定设置堆肥浓度为25%、50%与75%的梯度，同时计算全局发芽指数（global GI，即50%与75%浓度下GI的平均值），计算方法参考Gariglio等（2002）与Oktiawan、Zaman（2018）的研究。结果显示，处理组的发芽指数均高于对照组。此外，处理组可提升最终堆肥中有益微生物的种群数量，同时抑制有害微生物类群。 本数据集隶属于研究论文《宏基因组分析揭示嗜热嗜酸有效微生物（tEM）提升木质纤维素废物的生物多样性与堆肥效率》（Ajuna等）。该数据集可用于评估堆肥效率与最终堆肥产品的质量。