IMOS - ANMN National Reference Stations - Combined long-term hydrological data product (1944-2014)

The National Reference Station (NRS) network is designed to provide baseline information, at timescales relevant to human response, that is required to understand how large-scale, long-term change and variability in the global ocean are affecting the ecosystems of Australia's coastal seas. The stations are operated by the Australian National Moorings Network (ANMN), a facility of the Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS). This product includes temperature and salinity measurements from the original water sampling program carried out by CSIRO since the 1940s, and the water sampling and CTD casts carried out by IMOS since 2009. Sampling under CSIRO was undertaken at intervals of one to several weeks, and under IMOS, sampling is approximately monthly. Temperature measurements were taken from reversing thermometers by CSIRO, and from profiling CTDs by IMOS. These are combined into a single continuous timeseries, for measurements at the surface and depths up to 50m. Currently this product is only available for the Maria Island NRS. Located off the east coast of Maria Island in Tasmania, the station has provided the longest high quality ocean time series in the Southern Hemisphere, operating since 1944.

国家参考站（National Reference Station, NRS）网络旨在提供与人类响应相关时间尺度下的基准信息，此类信息是理解全球海洋大规模长期变化与变异性如何影响澳大利亚近岸海域生态系统所必需的。该站点由澳大利亚国家锚定网络（Australian National Moorings Network, ANMN）运维，该网络是综合海洋观测系统（Integrated Marine Observing System, IMOS）的下属设施。本数据集包含两项来源的温度与盐度测量数据：一是澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织（Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO）自20世纪40年代起开展的原始海水采样项目数据，二是综合海洋观测系统（IMOS）自2009年起实施的海水采样与温盐深（CTD）剖面测量数据。CSIRO时期的采样间隔为1周至数周不等，IMOS时期的采样频率约为每月1次。CSIRO采用颠倒温度计进行温度测量，IMOS则通过剖面式CTD完成温度采集。上述数据被整合为一套连续的时间序列，涵盖表层及50米以浅水深的测量数据。目前本数据集仅针对玛丽亚岛国家参考站（Maria Island NRS）发布。该站点位于塔斯马尼亚州玛丽亚岛东海岸海域，自1944年起投入运行，是南半球持续时间最长的高质量海洋时间序列观测站点。