Code for: A century of wild bee sampling: historical data and neural network analysis reveal ecological traits associated with species loss

We analyzed the wild bee community sampled from 1921 to 2018 at a nature preserve in southern Michigan, USA to study long-term community shifts in a protected area. During an intensive survey in 1972 and 1973, F.C. Evans detected 135 bee species. In the most recent intensive surveys conducted in 2017 and 2018, we recorded 90 species. Only 58 species were recorded in both sampling periods, indicating a significant shift in the bee community. We found that the bee community diversity, species richness, and evenness were all lower in recent samples. Additionally, 64% of the more common species exhibited a more than 30% decline in relative abundance. Neural network analysis of species traits revealed that extirpation from the reserve was most likely for oligolectic ground-nesting bees and kleptoparasitic bees, whereas polylectic cavity-nesting bees were more likely to persist. Having longer phenological ranges also increased the chance of persistence in polylectic species. Further analysis ..., Contemporary sampling
An open area on the north side of the ESGR (GPS coordinates: 42.461808, -84.011128) was the primary site for this study as it corresponds to the location of “Evans’ Old Field”, one of the areas historically sampled for bees. The site was visited every other week during the summers of 2017 and 2018 to sample bees. In 2017, the first sampling day was June 1 and the final sampling day was September 25. In 2018, the first sampling day was May 8 and the final day was October 3. We expanded sampling in 2018 to include a wider diversity of bees with narrower phenological periods.
During each visit we sampled bees using three methods. First, we walked to the center of the open field and randomly selected a direction to start the first 25 meter transect. Three other 25 m transects were then established based on the first one, each at a 90-degree angle from the neighboring transect for a total of 100m sampled, with each transect segment moving away from a central location. ..., , # Code for: A century of wild bee sampling: historical data and neural network analysis reveal ecological traits associated with species loss

#### Analysis of historical bee community sampling in the E.S. George Reserve: an ecological preserve. Published as Graham et al. 2024. The contents here are split into two sections:

1 - R scripts used in the analysis of Graham et al. 2024

2 - Data used in the analysis of Graham et al. 2024

Further info available at [https://github.com/prglaum/historicalBeeRecords_ESGR](https://github.com/prglaum/historicalBeeRecords_ESGR) & all data is available from [https://agdatacommons.nal.usda.gov/articles/dataset/Data_from_A_century_of_wild_bee_sampling_historical_data_and_neural_network_analysis_reveal_ecological_traits_associated_with_species_loss_/25233991](https://agdatacommons.nal.usda.gov/articles/dataset/Data_from_A_century_of_wild_bee_sampling_historical_data_and_neural_network_analysis_reveal_ecological_traits_associated_with_species_loss_/...