Dataset of arthropod specimen images and DNA barcodes in forest ecosystem of Xinglong Mountains of Gansu Province

This dataset provides information on arthropod specimens collected from Xinglong Mountains National Nature Reserve, Gansu Province, China, during July–August of 2023 and 2024. A total of 27 sampling plots were established, and three complementary collection methods were applied: Malaise trap, pitfall trap, and beating sheet. Using these methods, 20,564 arthropod specimens were collected. Based on DNA sequencing and morphospecies sorting, 1,060 arthropod species were identified, including 882 species of Insecta (14 orders, 146 families, 551 genera), 164 species of Arachnida (3 orders, 21 families, 68 genera), and 14 species from other arthropod classes (4 orders, 5 families, 8 genera).This dataset systematically compiles a checklist of arthropod species, specimen images and associated DNA barcodes, providing valuable support for rapid species identification, functional trait measurement, detection of cryptic species, biodiversity conservation, and ecological research.