Impact of Malnutrition, Sarcopenia, and Frailty on Postoperative Short-Term Complications and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Gastric Malignancy

This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare the impact of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty on postoperative complications and long-term survival in gastric cancer patients, to identify the most clinically applicable assessment tool. We included 264 patients with pathologically confirmed gastric malignancy who underwent surgical resection between January 2020 and December 2022. All patients underwent preoperative assessments for malnutrition (NRS 2002), sarcopenia (PMI), and frailty (MFI-5). Postoperative complications and 3-year survival rates were systematically recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified all three conditions as independent risk factors for postoperative complications.