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The permeability of a landslide is closely related to the stability and deformation of the landslide, where the permeability is variable during the land movement and difficult to determine accurately. In this study, continuous measurements of the water levels were recorded in a multi-level well in the Kualiangzi landslide, and the barometric pressures onsite were logged as well. The barometric response functions were then utilized to estimate the vertical pneumatic diffusivity of the unsaturated zone and the vertical hydraulic diffusivity of the unconfined aquifer before and after the landslide. The slug test was also conducted to verify the permeability changes of the aquifer. The results show that in the unsaturated zone, the permeability exhibited a fourfold increase after the landslide, while in the unconfined aquifer, it increased by a factor of 2.2. Both the slug test and barometric response functions demonstrate consistent changes in permeability. The barometric response functions method represents a new approach for estimating permeability changes in landslide zones. Considering its cost-effectiveness and convenience, this method is a good choice for detecting permeability changes in unconfined aquifers above the sliding surface. Additionally, continuous measurements of the water level response to barometric pressure through a monitoring well system are particularly suitable for obtaining the temporal and spatial variations of permeability within a landslide. It will help people better understand the relationship between landslide stability and groundwater levels.