Antarctic Geodesy Field Report 2006-2007 - N Brown and A Woods

Taken from sections of the report:In recent years, Geoscience Australia (GA) has increased its capability on the Antarctic continent with the installation of Continuous Global Positioning System (CGPS) sites in the Prince Charles Mountains and Grove Mountains. Over the course of the 2006/07 Antarctic summer, Alex Woods and Nick Brown from Geoscience Australia (GA) collaborated with Dan Zwartz of the Australian National University (ANU) to install new CGPS sites at the Bunger Hills and Richardson Lake and perform maintenance of the CGPS sites at the Grove Mountains, Wilson Bluff, Daltons Corner and Beaver Lake.The primary aim of the CGPS sites is to provide a reference frame for Antarctica, which is used to determine the long-term movement of the Antarctic plate. Data from Casey, Mawson and Davis is supplied to the International GPS Service (IGS) and in turn used in the derivation of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). The sites also open up opportunities for research into post-glacial rebound and plate tectonics.In many respects CGPS sites in Antarctica are still in their infancy. Since the mid 1990's Geoscience Australia and the Australian National University have been testing new technology and various methods to determine the most effective way of running a CGPS site in Antarctica.A more detailed review of Australia's involvement in Antarctic GPS work can be found in (Corvino, 2004)In addition, a reconnaissance survey was undertaken at Syowa Station to determine whether a local tie survey could be performed on the Syowa VLBI antenna in the future. Upgrades were made to the Davis and Mawson CGPS stations and geodetic survey tasks such as reference mark surveys, tide gauge benchmark levelling and GPS surveys were performed at both Davis and Mawson stations. In addition, work requested by Geoscience Australia's Nuclear Monitoring Project, the Australian Government Antarctic Division (AGAD) and the University of Tasmania (UTAS) were completed.The 2006/07 Geoscience Australia Antarctic expedition proved to be one of the most successful Antarctic seasons by geodetic surveyors from Geoscience Australia. All intended field locations were visited and all work tasks were completed.BackgroundThe primary aim of the CGPS sites is to provide a reference frame for Antarctica, which is used to determine the long-term movement of the Antarctic plate. Data from Casey, Mawson and Davis is supplied to the International GPS Service (IGS) and in turn used in the derivation of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). The sites also open up opportunities for research into post-glacial rebound and plate tectonics.In many respects CGPS sites in Antarctica are still in their infancy. Since the mid 1990's Geoscience Australia and the Australian National University have been testing new technology and various methods to determine the most effective way of running a CGPS site in Antarctica.Dr John Gibson from The University of Tasmania requested that Alex Woods and Nick Brown collect moss samples from any locations visited during the Antarctic summer field season. While working in the field only a few moss specimens were found. No moss or lichen specimens were observed at locations such as Wilson Bluff, Dalton Corner, Beaver Lake or the Grove Mountains. Moss samples were collected at Richardson Lake and Mawson Station and these samples were frozen after collection and returned to Australia.This work contributed towards AAS (ASAC) project 1159.

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近年来，澳大利亚地质调查局（Geoscience Australia，GA）通过在查尔斯王子山脉与格罗夫山脉部署连续运行全球定位系统（Continuous Global Positioning System，CGPS）站点，提升了其在南极大陆的观测能力。2006/2007年南极夏季期间，澳大利亚地质调查局的亚历克斯·伍兹与尼克·布朗，联合澳大利亚国立大学（Australian National University，ANU）的丹·兹瓦茨，在邦杰丘陵与理查森湖搭建了新的CGPS站点，并对格罗夫山脉、威尔逊崖、道尔顿角以及比弗湖的CGPS站点开展维护工作。
CGPS站点的核心目标是为南极提供参考框架，用于测定南极板块的长期运动。来自凯西站、莫森站与戴维斯站的观测数据会提交至国际GPS服务（International GPS Service，IGS），并进一步用于推导国际地面参考框架（International Terrestrial Reference Frame，ITRF）。这些站点同时也为冰后回弹与板块构造学相关研究提供了新的契机。
在诸多方面，南极地区的CGPS站点仍处于起步阶段。自20世纪90年代中期以来，澳大利亚地质调查局与澳大利亚国立大学一直在测试新技术与多种方法，以探索在南极运行CGPS站点的最优方案。关于澳大利亚参与南极GPS相关工作的更详细综述，可参阅（Corvino，2004）。
此外，团队在昭和基地（Syowa Station）开展了勘察工作，以确认未来是否可对昭和基地的甚长基线干涉测量（Very Long Baseline Interferometry，VLBI）天线开展局部联测。研究团队还对戴维斯站与莫森站的CGPS站点进行了升级，并在两座站点完成了基准点测量、潮位基准点水准测量以及GPS测量等大地测量任务。此外，澳大利亚地质调查局核监测项目、澳大利亚政府南极局（Australian Government Antarctic Division，AGAD）以及塔斯马尼亚大学（University of Tasmania，UTAS）委托的相关工作也已全部完成。
2006/2007年澳大利亚地质调查局南极科考队被证明是澳大利亚地质调查局大地测量人员参与的最为成功的南极科考季之一。所有预设野外点位均已到访，全部工作任务均已完成。
背景
CGPS站点的核心目标是为南极提供参考框架，用于测定南极板块的长期运动。来自凯西站、莫森站与戴维斯站的观测数据会提交至国际GPS服务（IGS），并进一步用于推导国际地面参考框架（ITRF）。这些站点同时也为冰后回弹与板块构造学相关研究提供了新的契机。
在诸多方面，南极地区的CGPS站点仍处于起步阶段。自20世纪90年代中期以来，澳大利亚地质调查局与澳大利亚国立大学一直在测试新技术与多种方法，以探索在南极运行CGPS站点的最优方案。
塔斯马尼亚大学的约翰·吉布森博士要求亚历克斯·伍兹与尼克·布朗在南极夏季野外季到访的所有点位采集苔藓样本。野外工作期间仅发现少量苔藓标本，在威尔逊崖、道尔顿角、比弗湖以及格罗夫山脉等点位未观测到苔藓或地衣标本。研究团队在理查森湖与莫森站采集了苔藓样本，采集后即刻将样本冷冻并运回澳大利亚。
此项工作为澳大利亚南极科考（AAS (ASAC)）项目1159提供了支撑。