Effects of bagging or the combination of umbrella and bag treatments on anthocyanin accumulation in the berry skin of ‘Kyoho’ (Vitis labruscana) Grape

Abstract The object of this study was to investigate the influence of bagging or the combination of umbrella and bags on berry composition, especially anthocyanin accumulation, in ‘Kyoho’ (V. labruscana) berry skins. Five different colors and bag materials commonly used in production were chosen for this study: white, green, yellow, nonwoven and transparent, and the umbrellas were made of plastic material. The composition and content of anthocyanins in the berry skin of ‘Kyoho’ were analyzed by HPLC-MS. The results showed that bagging or a combination of umbrella and bags on anthocyanin concentration in ‘Kyoho’ grapes showed inconsistent effects that depended on the colors and materials of the bags and the use of an umbrella or not. Compared with the control, the inhibition effects of white, green and yellow bags on the soluble solids content and the total and individual anthocyanin concentrations in ‘Kyoho’ grapes reached significant levels; effects of green and yellow bags were the most significant among them. The plastic umbrella used in this study also presented a lower relative light intensity and produced more even-colored clusters. White, green, and yellow bags and combinations of umbrella and bags significantly increased some stable anthocyanin proportions to varying degrees, such as coumaroylated and methylated anthocyanins, compared to the control.摘要 本研究旨在探究套袋或遮阳伞与套袋联用对‘巨峰’（V. labruscana）葡萄果皮果实组分，尤其是花青素积累的影响。本研究选用生产中常用的5种不同颜色与材质的果袋：白色、绿色、黄色、无纺布及透明果袋，遮阳伞采用塑料材质制作。采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法（HPLC-MS）对‘巨峰’葡萄果皮中的花青素组成与含量进行分析。结果表明，套袋或遮阳伞与套袋联用对‘巨峰’葡萄花青素浓度的影响并不一致，其效果取决于果袋的颜色、材质以及是否使用遮阳伞。与对照组相比，白色、绿色及黄色果袋对‘巨峰’葡萄的可溶性固形物含量、总花青素及单体花青素浓度均表现出显著的抑制作用；其中绿色与黄色果袋的抑制效果最为显著。本研究采用的塑料遮阳伞还可降低相对光照强度，使果穗着色更为均匀。与对照组相比，白色、绿色、黄色果袋以及遮阳伞与套袋联用处理，均可在不同程度上显著提升部分稳定型花青素的占比，如香豆酰化花青素与甲基化花青素。