Data_Sheet_1_Time Window of the Critical Period for Neuroplasticity in S1, V1, and A1 Sensory Areas of Small Rodents: A Systematic Review.docx

The plasticity of the central nervous system (CNS) allows the change of neuronal organization and function after environmental stimuli or adaptation after sensory deprivation. The so-called critical period (CP) for neuroplasticity is the time window when each sensory brain region is more sensitive to changes and adaptations. This time window is usually different for each primary sensory area: somatosensory (S1), visual (V1), and auditory (A1). Several intrinsic mechanisms are also involved in the start and end of the CP for neuroplasticity; however, which is its duration in S1, VI, and A1? This systematic review evaluated studies on the determination of these time windows in small rodents. The careful study selection and methodological quality assessment indicated that the CP for neuroplasticity is different among the sensory areas, and the brain maps are influenced by environmental stimuli. Moreover, there is an overlap between the time windows of some sensory areas. Finally, the time window duration of the CP for neuroplasticity is predominant in S1.

中枢神经系统（CNS）的塑性特征使其能够在环境刺激或感觉剥夺后的适应过程中改变神经元组织与功能。所谓神经可塑性的关键期（CP），是指每个感觉脑区对变化和适应更为敏感的时间窗口。这一时间窗口对于每个初级感觉区域（如体感区S1、视觉区V1和听觉区A1）通常是不同的。在关键期的开始和结束阶段，涉及多种内在机制；然而，其在S1、V1和A1中的具体持续时间为何？本系统综述评估了关于在小型啮齿动物中确定这些时间窗口的研究。精心挑选的研究案例和方法论质量评估表明，神经可塑性的关键期在不同感觉区域内存在差异，大脑图谱受环境刺激的影响。此外，某些感觉区域的时间窗口存在重叠。最终，神经可塑性的关键期时间窗口在S1区域中占据主导地位。