Table 4 in Complexities associated with elephant impact on Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra in the Greater Kruger National Park

Table 4 Comparison of the total mortality percentages and annual mortality rates of marula trees since 2013 across height classes for the 2016 and 2018 surveys in Jejane Private Nature Reserve. Height class5–8 m (n = 17)8–11 m (n = 78)11–15 m (n = 98)> 15 m (n = 8)Total tree mortality (%)2016 survey (3-year elephant presence)41.1828.2119.3912.502018 survey (5-year elephant presence)76.4750.0025.5112.50% change between survey years35.2921.796.120Annual mortality rate (% dead trees per year)2016 survey (3-year elephant presence)13.736.466.464.172018 survey (5-year elephant presence)15.2910.005.102.50% change between survey years1.563.54− 1.36− 1.67