Coinage in Norway during the King Olav I Tryggvasonʼs reign (995 – 1000) / Возникновение денежного дела в Норвегии в эпоху викингов: пеннинги Улава I (995 – 1000)

The article is about a decisive moment in the history of Norway and Russia – the Viking Age – and the very begynning of coinage in Norway. <br>For the first time in Russian numismatic historiography a paper has got all silver pennings minted during the reign of Viking King Olav I Tryggvason, who is equality venerated in Norway and Russia. The author believes that Norwegian imitations of the Anglo-Saxon silver penny “Crux” were hammered in Nidaros (Trondheim) by local silversmiths. Scandinavia had a long tradition of minting imitative coins, such as bracteates, which were used as jewellery. <br>There is reason to assume that the begynning of Vikings’ imitative “Crux” coinage in Norway happened in 997 – 998: Olav I Tryggvason had chosen Nidaros as a royal residence in 997, imitations of the new Anglo-Saxon penny “Long Cross” appeared in Scandinavia in 998 making “Crux” obsolete.<br><i>Copyright following the coin catalogue number (1, 2, 3, 4)</i><br><b>Первая монета</b>: ©2015 Nationalmuseet av Danmark, København, фотограф Т.Б. Кристенсен / Christensen, Tine Bonde (лицензия CC BY-SA 2.5 DK). За отснятую монету признателен Tine Bonde Christensen, museumsinspektør.<br><b>Вторая монета</b>: ©2015 Historiska Museet, Lunds Universitet, Sverige, за предоставление изображения монеты и разрешение на ее публикацию признателен Gitte Ingvardson, antikvarie i Nordisk Numismatik ved Lunds Universitets Historiska Museet. All Rights Reserved.<br><b>Третья монета</b> из Kungliga Myntkabinettet (Stockholm): ©2015 Kulturhistorisk museum, Universitetet i Oslo, фотограф Л.-А. Чепстов-Лусти / Chepstow-Lusty, Lill-Ann (лицензия CC BY-SA 4.0)<br><b>Четвертая монета</b>: ©2015 Münzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin (лицензия CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 DE)