Effect of compound bacteria feeding on intestinal microflora of hybrid groupers

The research landscape regarding the application of multi-strain probiotics as functional feeds remains relatively unexplored, with limited studies evaluating the synergistic effects of mixed probiotic additives on the host and comparing the properties of mixed probiotics with each strain in their composition. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects of individual and combined endogenous probiotics on hybrid groupers. Our findings revealed that the addition of mixed probiotics (Bacillus Cereus and Exiguobacterium acetylicum) effectively enhances growth performance, immune response, and intestinal health of groupers to determine the best combination of functional feed additives.